24 NATURAL CONTROL OF WHITE FLIES IN FLORIDA. 
spores are not only spread about by rain but that many are washed to 
the ground. 
It is probable that dews, and especially the heavy dews of fall, are 
of greatest value in moistening the pustules, thus aiding in the dis- 
solving out of the spores from their mucilaginous matrix, so that they 
may be more readily transported by other agencies. After heavy 
dews the matrix containing the spores is so soft that portions of it 
will adhere to any body brought into contact with it, and not infre- 
quently such a quantity of spores is dissolved out of the pycnidia that' 
they spread out over the leaf for one-fourth of an inch from the 
pustule, as shown by the reddish coloring matter of the matrix. 
Because of the adhesive nature of the matrix thus moistened, it is 
possible, and even probable, that insects play a part in spore 
dissemination; yet the failure of this fungus to increase to any extent 
during an unusually dry period in midsummer or after the summer 
rains cease, even though the insects remain abundant, is regarded 
by the authors as significant and leads them to conclude that insects, 
in general, play a minor role in spore dissemination. 
Microscopic examination of washes from the bodies of adult white 
flies collected on trees bearing much fungus has not disclosed the 
presence of the spores. Of still greater importance as direct evidence 
is the frequently repeated observation that leaves upon which adult 
flies collected from similar places have been caged, and which have 
been protected from rain drippings, have seldom developed fungus 
pustules. In this connection it is also worthy of note that water- 
shoots, even though more heavily crowded with adults than outside 
new growth, develop only a slight amount of fungus as compared with 
the outside growth if not so located as to be easily drenched with 
rains. It has been generally observed by growers as well as by the 
authors that rapid dissemination of spores is concurrent with summer 
rains, and if these fail to fall the fungi are not spread rapidly, no 
matter how abundant the adults may have been. 
SPECIES OF WHITE PLIES ATTACKED. 
While the red Aschersonia is most effective in its attack upon the 
citrus white fly and is of economic importance largely in connection 
with this species, it is frequently found growing upon several other 
species of white flies. On numerous occasions it has been observed 
at Orlando and other points in Orange County attacking the cloudy- 
winged white fly, upon which it develops into unusually large pustules. 
Thus far, however, attempts at introduction into groves infested 
only with the cloudy-winged white fly have met with failure from an 
economic standpoint, although in each instance an infection was se- 
cured. During the summer and fall of 1907 such a luxuriant growth 
of fungus upon Aleyrodes inconspicua Quaintance was discovered at 
