REMEDIES. Vi 
from the presence of the fly. Varieties which tend to develop 
ondary shoots or '-tillers" are also considered preferable daring g 
sons when the Hessian fly is prevalent. Of such varieties a consider- 
able list lias accumulated, many of which are doubtless obsolete at the 
present time. The Underbill variety is stated to have been the favor- 
ite for nearly a century. The Mediterranean wheat has been held in 
high repute in the Middle States, as also the Red Cap and Red -May. 
The Olawson receives strong commendation from various sources, and 
Professor Cook speaks of it as a favorite variety in Michigan. The 
Spelter, China, aud White Flint are mentioned by Fitch, but do not 
seem to have remained in favor. 
Prof. C. W. Woodwortb improved the opportunity of the occurre 
of the Hessian fly in the experimental plats of the University of Cali- 
fornia to note the effects upon different varieties, and made a list 
including something like a hundred and twenty different varieties. 
He tabulates his result for the three years 1S80. 1887, and 1889, and 
summarizes his conclusions as follows. 
Volo and Washington Glass are the only varieties that have remained free from 
the Hessian fly. The latter, however, never yields well with as. Several other 
varieties have a very good record. Especially free from the fly are the following: 
Bearded Wheat from Missoyeu, Forelle, Palestine, Polish, Blue Grass, Common 
March. Diamond, Egyptian Imported. 
The following varieties have had more or less fly, but never in abundance : Bearded 
Macaroni, Big Long-bearded Club, Egyptian, Genoese Winter, Greek Atlanti, Hun- 
ter's White, Imported Circassian, Nicaragua. Nonette Lausanne. Red Club, Russian 
Red Bearded, White Club. 
He further makes a comparison of early and late varieties, and of 100 
early varieties only 45 were badly infested, against 07 of the late, an 
advantage for the early varieties of over HO per cent. 
This question seems not to have received as much attention in Europe 
as in America, but Miss Orraerod has named the Square Head, the 
White-chaff Bed, Golden Drop, and Ivivett's Red as resistant varieties, 
while in France Marchal cites M. de Biguet, professor of agriculture, 
as recommending the Bordean wheat as a resistant variety. 
I si. OF INSECTICIDES. 
There seems to be scarcely any reason io expect success from the use 
of direct remedies in the form of insecticides, but some efforts have 
been made in this direction, and attempts to destroy the larva' with 
lime, soot, salt, etc., have been made. None oi' these, however, seems 
to us to have sufficient merit to deserve extended notice. Aside from 
the expense and labor of their employment, there is little reason to 
believe that they will accomplish as much as the more simple methods 
of farm practice. The same may be said with still greater emphasis 
concerning all suggestions as to treatment of the seed wheat, since 
there is no possible connection between the seed wheat and the infesta- 
tion of the held. 
