PBOBABLB NATIVE HOME OF ALEYBODES CITBI. 45 
very evident from observation of their present condition in the 
latter places, even if we had no more conclusive evidence. Oranges 
do very poorly owing to the great humidity of these tropical islands. 
The trees for the most part are stunted, while the crop of fruit is inva- 
riably very light, of small size, and usually ripens without the green- 
ish skin changing to an orange color, as it does in more temperate 
climates. In short, orange trees in the eastern Tropics appear to 
be struggling under conditions so ill-suited to their best develop- 
ment, whereas in a semitropical climate they flourish with great 
prolificness, that it is very evident that they originated in the latter 
regions. 
In India proper oranges do not occur wild. Although grown in 
all parts of this large country their distribution has resulted after 
introduction. In the Khasia Hills of Central Assam oranges occur in 
a half wild state intermingled with the other trees of the forest. 
They are grown in the extreme northeast of Assam where the Indian 
Empire is adjacent to southern China. Information was received from 
an engineer in the Indian service who had traveled extensively along 
the eastern border of the Empire to the effect that he had seen oranges 
growing wild in the forests of the North Shan States of Upper Burma. 
This latter region, which is contiguous with orange districts of China, 
is only about 300 miles east of that part of Assam in which the writer 
saw oranges in a half wild state. Oranges are known to occur in 
southern China, Siam, and Indo-China. From this knowledge, 
coupled with the writer's own observations, it can be seen that 
oranges are grown in a more or less scattered condition throughout 
southern Asia, where climate allows. Eliminating the varieties found 
in various botanical gardens and on the estates of wealthy natives, 
and the limited amount of commercial production, the remaining trees 
in all countries are for the most part seedlings of the tangerine group. 
In the valleys along the southern slopes of the Himalayas as well 
as in the Khasia Hills of Assam this is almost exclusively the case. 
When it is considered that oranges in the eastern part of India are 
almost exclusively tangerine seedlings, and that these are found grow- 
ing about most of the native houses as well as being in a half wild state 
in a part of this region — a condition that does not occur anywhere 
to the westward — we feel safe in concluding that oranges were first 
introduced into India through Assam and thence have spread through- 
out the rest of the Empire. The western region was later affected 
by varieties introduced from Europe, for it is in this part of India, 
including the northwest, that budded varieties of citrus trees pre- 
dominate. 
The writer has seen the white fly on citrus trees in the Khasia 
Hills of Assam, in the lower parts of the Himalayas in Sikkim, and 
