MISCELLANEOUS NOTES ON ORANGE INSECTS 
By H. G. Hubbard. 
THE RUST MITE AND NOTES ON OTHER ORANGE PESTS. 
Crescent City, Fla., September 15, 1881. 
Sir : On September 1st I obtained the first specimeu of a coleopterous 
borer in orange. I have since obtained two more from which 1 hope to 
raise iinagos.* The borers were found in young trees budded three years 
ago. The larva had in each case begun in the dead eud of the old stump 
above the bud. As these dead ends were only a few inches long, the 
borer entirely hollowed them out, and, after eating all the dead wood, 
descended a short distance into the living wood at the base of the 
budded stalk. There was always a copious exudation ot gum, and in 
one case this had attracted an ant, which began to nest in the upper 
part of the gallery. Undoubtedly this borer does great harm when 
forced to bore into the living wood, and in many cases must cause the 
death of the budded part of the young tree. The obvious remedy, or 
rather precaution, will be to trim closely these ends of the stump, as 
soon as the bud has made a strong woody growth. This will be the 
second year after budding. 
Experiments with pyrethrum extract diluted with water, and applied 
to leaves infested with u rust mite'', have not been successful, and the 
mites have not been killed. Probably the extract is not strong enough. 
I have continued to accumulate evidence of a connection between the 
presence of the mites on oranges, and the subsequent appearance of rust. 
It is always possible to determine whether leaves nave or have not 
been infested with the mite, although they do not remain upon a leaf 
longer than four or five days. The upper surface shows plainly the 
result of their attack in a fine wrinkling of epidermis. On the fruit 
there is a similar effect, and, in addition, the exuviae of the mites 
adhere to the surface for several weeks after the mites have gone. 
I am now trying to determine how long a period elapses between 
the disappearance of the mites and the appearanee of the rust. A 
number of bearing trees, on which all the fruit is bright* have been 
examined, and in all such cases no rust mites have been found, nor 
any traces of their having been upon the haves. Trees Upon which 
all the fruit is rusted invariably show the effects of the mites upon 
l.laphidion inomt Newm. 
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