62 
REPORT ON" THE FIG MOTH IN SMYRNA. 
The following table gives some idea' of the comparative time re- 
quired for the temperature to rise in the loaded and empty ovens: 
Tempera- 
ture when 
doors 
closed. 
Minimum 
tempera- 
ture. 
Maximum 
tempera- 
ture. 
Average 
tempera- 
ture in 10 
minutes. 
Total rise 
in 10 
minutes. 
Average 
rise per 
minute. 
Average 
rise, mini- 
mum to 
maximum. 
Loaded. 
Empty. 
110° C 
230° F 
92° C 
197i°F.... 
94i°C. 
202° F.. 
92° C... 
197£° F 
112°C 
233i° F.... 
140f°C... 
285£° F.... 
103* ° C. 
219 8 F.. 
127^° C. 
260i° F. 
2°C... 
3J° F., 
48f° C 
87|° F 
re. 
**" c. 
8A° F 
2i°C. 
4 8 F. 
4 T 9 o° C 
8ft° F. 
To establish definite laws for the working of the oven upon this 
experiment would be dangerous. If the rise in temperature of the 
loaded oven were uniformly 4° F. per minute after the minimum had 
been reached, the conclusion would be that in order to maintain the 
temperature of the oven it must be allowed to rise 68° between re- 
loadings, which is the amount of heat lost during and following the 
reloading. If the total rise in temperature of the loaded oven is only 
3.5° in the first 10 minutes, then the figs must remain in the oven at 
least 16 minutes longer in order for the oven to regain, at a rate of 
4° per minute, the other 64.5° of the 68° lost. This would require a 
total exposure of the figs of 26 minutes. But as the rise in tempera- 
ture of the loaded oven would without doubt accelerate after the 
minimum heat had been well passed, the real required exposure of 
the figs would be between 20 and 25 minutes. If the figs were ex- 
posed longer than this, with the gas burning at the rate employed 
in the experiments, the heat of the oven would increase or accelerate 
with each load of figs until a certain constant of equilibrium was 
reached. This constant could, however, be regulated by limiting the 
flow of gas and thus cutting down the source of the heat. 
SUCCESS OF HOT-AIR TREATMENT IN KILLING LARVAE. 
A number of experiments was made to determine the temperature 
and length of exposure necessary to destroy larvse by dry heat in an 
oven. . The first of these was performed on September 21 in Smyrna, 
using the oven described above. A number of figs showing the 
presence of larvae was chosen from a pile of refuse in a " khan " and 
subjected to dry heat for varying lengths of time at different tem- 
peratures. 
