GKNKKAL HAX(}K OF SPKCIKS AND HACKS. 35 
the rocorxl to a brief ch'scription of \\\c (li(lVi(Mit hioods niul moroly 
noting tho ilistrihution hy States niui count i(\s. The daln for tlieso 
summaries is the ratlu>r full account ixiv(Mi in UulK^in S, old s(M-i(\s, of 
the Division of Kntoniolo<i:y, su|)|)leniente(l, ho\vev(»r, ])y (lie local 
studies luadc^ hy (Mitonu)logists and others in various vStates, and |)ar- 
ticularly {\\c Nohnninous records obtained by Ihis Bur(>au. collat(>d 
and classiiit tl up to 1S!)S l)y ^fr. K. A. Scliwai"/, who liad \o\\<r assisted 
1^-ofessor I\il{\v in collect in<x sucli data. Since 189S lliis field of 
in(iuirv has Ixmmi undcM- tlu^ char_iz;(^ of iho writer, and a very tliorou^^h- 
iXoiuij: (effort lias ])een made to get full and accurate data of the 
broods w hich have appeared from year to year. The records for the 
important 13-year Brood XXIII, which appeared in 1898, in conjunc- 
tion with the 17-year Brood VI, and of Brood X, the largest of all 
the 17-year broods, which appeared in 1902, were especially complete 
and satisfactory^ and are summarized under the accounts of these 
broods. Particularly in later years, nuich exact information as to 
local distribution has come from the active cooperation of State 
(Mitoinologists, who have often been able to get more detailed and 
accurate reports than was possible through the correspondents of this 
ofiice. The scant records, indicating perhaps scattering or incipient 
broods, covering some of the blanks in the 13 and 17 year series, are 
introduced in their proper order for future confirmation or rejection. 
The records obtained by the Department of Agriculture, covering 
nearly thirty years, have become very voluminous, and during the 
last few years an effort has been made to go over all of these records 
and transfer the unportant information to index cards, and all the 
later records are being kept on such cards. It is expected also, as 
time ofl'ers, to incorporate in this record all the data from experi- 
ment station bulletins and other printed records. Ultimately, there- 
ioi\\ we shall have a classified card record which will be easily avail- 
a])le for examination and study and which will assist greatly in estab- 
lishing brood limits and determining the status of new reports. 
THE (iEXEKAL KANGE OF THE SPECIES AND OF THE TWO RACES. 
Taking all the different broods together, this Cicada is known to 
occur pretty generally within the United States east of the one 
hundredth meridian and northward of latitude 30° — in other words, 
east of central Kansas and north of northern Florida. No broods 
have been found in northern New England except a doubtful record 
in Vermont, nor west of the Mississippi above Iowa. The State of 
Rhode Island, in which the Cicada was long l)elieved to be absent, 
proved to harbor a small Vjrood, as discovered in 1903 (Brood XI). 
The most eastward occurrences are the swarms occurring in Barn- 
stable County, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, and on the island of Marthas 
Vineyard. No colonies have been foimd on the peninsula of Florida, 
