I-OOI) IlAlU'l'S (»K 'riiK ADlI/r. 101 
dant whoro IIk^ liuul is lii<j:li mid well drained and ilir -xiil a lidi. 
sand}' loam, wilh a ^andv oi- ^ol't clav >nl)>(>il. Tlic iiTcLiulai-il \ of 
local (list rihnl ion is coidiiMncd also hv llic cxixMicncc of Mi-. l)a\i^ on 
Slat(Mi Island, who ri^porls of the IS'.) I hi-ood ilmt llic cicada^ were 
very rariMn sandy di>t rid s, \\liil(> in dist I'icls !(>>> >a n(l\ lli(>\ appcarcil 
l)y llionsands. 1 1(> says also ( lial lli(\\ occnrrcd l)\ millions on ccrlain 
liills and in (-(M-lr.in l)ils of woodland, yd al a sliorl di.^lancc a\\a\. 
under a|)])ar(Muly nnallered conditions, tlicy wcic \(m\ xaniiix 
re{)resent(Hl. 
The local abundance of the Cicada in w cll-dermed dislri(l> i^ ht 
be explaincul by tlu^ fact, ali-eady nol(Ml. that the winded inject is 
sluggish and scatters but little from tlie point of emergence, which. 
with favoring circiin.stances, tends constantly to concentrate lather 
than to scatter the sj^ecies. 
THE FOOD HAUITS OF THE ADULT INSECT. 
At tlu* timi^ of the wi-iting of Bulletin 14 ihc obscM-vat ions of many 
entomoloirists who had studied th(^ ])eriodical Cicada were practically 
in accord that the taking of food in the adult stage was not a nece.s- 
sarv feature of the aerial life of the insect and was of comparatively 
ran^ occurrcMice. feeding to a limited extent had been shown, how- 
ever, by the ob.servations of Walsh and l\il(\v," and an additional 
instance is noted l)y Kilev in Bulletin S.'' The ol)servations by Mr. 
Davis'' were n^ferred to in Bulletin 14, reporting that the black 
birch and sweet gum are favorite food plants, and that it is not 
uncommon to see rows of cicadas along the branches of these trees 
with theii- beaks (Mubedded in tlu^ bark. Various otluu' entomolo- 
gists had noted a little feeding, ])ut the opinion was general that the 
feeding habit was unusual and not necessary to the insect. State- 
ments had also -l^een made that such feeding was limited to the 
female, and that the male could take no food inasmuch as its digestive 
organs were rudimentary. No special harm from fcM^ling, at any 
rate, had ex'ci- been noticed, e\'(Mi whei'e the in.sect occurred in count- 
le>s myriads. 
\\"\\\\ the recui-i-(Mice of Brood X in P.tO'J Ml". A. Ti. (^naintance. 
then entomologist of the Maryland experiment .station, had his 
attention callcfl to the feeding of tlu^ periodical Cicada and made a 
thoi'ough stnd\ of the subject.'' A c()rresj)()ndent called the atten- 
tion of Ml-, (^uaintance to the feeding of th(^ Cicada in his oichard, 
and an examination of a local orchard confu'ine(l lhi> fact, which he 
afterwards noticed in \arion> localities in Mai\land. Cicadas in 
o American Entomologist, Vol. I, p. 67, 1868. 
ft Bui. 8, o. P.. Div. Ent.. U. S. Dept. A.«,Tic., p. 14. 
''Natural Science Ass^n. Staten Island, 4, September, ISDt, pp. .3.3 .35. 
d P.ul. :•,:. 11. .-.. Div. Km.. V. S. \)c\>\. A<rric.. pp. ;)0-94, PI. I. 
