<ii;<l\VTII AND llATCIIINd OK KIKI 
111 
Doctor Smith. Miss Morris jiiid otluM-s i-ccoid a sliortcM- ix-riod. niul 
then* is uiul()ui)t(MlIy coiisidcrahh* \ mint ion (hie to w cat licr coiKlil ions, 
but th(> normal period, as show n hy the abundant I'cM-oi-ds of t hi-- ndicc, 
and many observers, since those noted, i-an^es, as .slated, IVoiu >i\ to 
seven \\'(M'ks. vSome interest im: instances h axe been noted of retarded 
(h'Vidopment of (\l:i:s in phmls yicKhni: LTUininy exuihil ions which had 
hernH^ticahy ch)S(>d lh(> nc^sts from the outer aii'. Proh'»or lvile\' 
not(\s a case of this kind w hci'e the ei:;.!^"^ I'cmamcd sound and un- 
hatched until t h(> (Mid of tlu* y(>ai', lon^ after the I re(\s had shed their 
foliaixe. K.\c(>|)t in the extnMiu* south, \\hei-e all of the periods ai'c 
som(>\vhat earlier, th(> (\L:_ir^^ Jire d(*l)osite(l chielly in the month of dune 
and most abundantly about tlu^ nnddl(> of this month, and the hatcli- 
iii^ period ranges from the middle of duly to the lii-st of Auirust. 
The e<rii: is a v(»rv dedicate*, ])early-\\hite object , about one-t w elft h of 
an inch lonix, taperini:: to an obtuse j)oint at (dther (>nd and slirrhtly 
curved. The sludl is v(>rv thin and trans])ar(uit, the form of the lai'val 
insect showing through some time ])efore hatching. As is th(> case 
with most insects that oviposit hi the living parts of phmts, the eggs 
of the Cicaehi receive a certain nourishment from the plant and 
actually increase in size before hat clung, 
by absorption of the juices from the 
adjacent plant cells. ^^iZf jm iJ IuJju 1^ 
Discussing the devel()])ment of the .,,^ .- ~~^7~1 r.■,..A■r,.^^■...A. ,^„„>, 
f^ i i'iG.4o. — hgg of periodical Cicada, much 
embryo, Doctor Potter says that on the enlarged, siiowing young ai)out to he 
fifteenth dav a chamre in color in the c^r^r ^''-^"-i- (-^"^^ors illustration., 
may be notcMl, and from this time on there is a gradual increase in 
size, the embryo slowly assuming form — tlie eye becoming esp(>cially 
prominent some ten days Ijefore hatcdiing (fig. 45). 
The larval Cicada makes its esca])(* i)y rupturing the eggsludl over 
the back, from the up])er end downward about halfway, l)y muscular 
movements, accompanied with an inflation of the head and forward 
parts of the body. The rupture in the shell once* made, th(» larva 
works its wa}' out l)y twistings and contortions until the tip n\' its 
body only remains in the egg slit of the shell. The entire insect . how- 
ever, is still iiudosed in an extremely dedicate and almost in\i>ihle 
membrane famnion i. and after i-esting a short time the \iolent mo\-e- 
ments are airain resumed, and b^' wri<r<!:lin<::, twisting, and inllatingits 
head, thorax, and anterior ])arts the thin envcdoping skin is burst open, 
and by gradual e (forts, coupled with cont ract ions and expansions of the 
body, the larva draw > it-elf out . leaving the t hin white skin held in t he 
tip of the egirsh(>ll. The lai\a' nearest the opening come out lir>t, 
the otliers following in reg'ilar order, each usually pushing out the 
abandoned eggshell of the preceding one, though commonly several 
eggsh'dls remain attached to the loose woody libers of the egg nest. 
