roM.Kcnox OK ADri/rs. 141 
Xotwitlistandin^r tlu^ occasionnl instances of sci-ions injury 1)\ the 
Cicada, it is j)r()l)al)l\*st ill tiMic lliat tlici'c is no otiici- important 
injurious inscM-t in this count i-\ that is responsible for so little sei'ious 
(lanui«j^e in proportion to the fears aroused, and yet every nH'urrence of 
this iiis(M't calls forth tlu* most anxious demands foi- means of control 
or exterminat ion. 'V\\v exploit at ion of t he facts concern in^^ t his insect 
is, tli(M*(»fore, mow to allay such f(*ars, and to su|)ply the desire for 
information conc(M'nin*z: it which its pn^sence always arouses, than 
from the necessity of (hMailinii; elal)oi"at(* |)recaut ionary m(>asui'es. 
It is, lu^vertheless, important to know what may he done in the way 
of protection and control \\h(Miever occasion arisc^s to make such 
action n(H'(\ssary, as for tlu^ |)rotection of youn^j: fruit t r(M*s which are 
especially c^xposcul to injury or trees and shrubs over limited areas, as 
in |)arks and lawns. 
Prc^caut ionary o|)erations are necessarily against the adults chi(»(ly, 
as being the authors of the greater damage. Against the larva' and 
])upa^ in their subterranean life it is hardly worth while to take any 
action unless it be deemed desirable to attempt to exterminate a brood 
within a given territory or bit of woodland, in which case the remedies 
connnonly employed against other subterranean insects, such as the 
Phylloxera or other root lice, will serve for this insect equally well, 
especially in the first year or two of its existence. 
The prevention of injury from the Cicada includes, therefore, (1) 
methods of destroying the emerged insects, either mechanically or by 
insecticide applications; (2) applications to the plant to prevent 
oviposit ion; (3) certain precautionary measures which may be taken 
to lessen injury; and (4) operations to destroy the larval and pupal 
stages in the soil. 
MEANS OF DESTROYING THE EMERGED PUP^ AND ADULTS. 
Collection of Adults. 
In some instances the hand collection of the insects is feasible and 
will prevent damage. This method necessitates the continual drivijig 
of the insects from the plants by fighting or collecting them hi umbrel- 
las or bags in the early morning or late evening when they are some- 
what torpid and sluggish. If undertaken at the first appearance of 
the Cicada and repeated each day, the work of control will be facili- 
tated l)y the fact that most of the insects will be on the young trees or 
shrul)b(Ty or on the lower branches of larger trees and witlun com- 
paratively easy reach. 
An instance of tliis kind of work is recorded by Mr. Abner Hoopes, 
of West Cliester, Pa." The work re|)orted was for the protection of 
nurserv stock on the edire of woods from the attack of Brood X in 
a Entomological News, Vol. XVIII, March, 1907, pp. 108, 109. 
