178 THE PERIODICAL CICADA. 
Page. 
Cicada, periodical, seventeen-year breeding record ] 14-116 
l)roods, relationship 29-30 
range 38-G4 
race 14. 16-18 
song notes 84-86 
stages, description 118-121 
history 1 16-118 
location in .'^oil ] 24-125 
sting, so-called 86-88 
structural details 78-84 
differences between the two races 1 7-18 
superstitions 147 
systematic position 77-78 
thirteen-year broods, relationship 30 
range 65-77 
race. (See also Cicada irededm) 14-18 
' 'towers. ' ' {See cones.) 
transformation to adult 98-99 
"turrets." (-See cones.) 
underground life 112-121 
experimental proofs 112-116 
use in making soap 104 
variety 20-22 
'pruinosa= Cicada tibicen 78 
septendecim. (See also Cicada, periodical, and Tibicen septendecim.) 
considered by Walsh a species distinct from C. tredecim 17 
= Tibicen septendecim 22 
tibicen, Sphecius speciosus an enemy 132 
tredecim. {See also Cicada, periodical, thirteen-year broods and race.) 
considered by Walsh a species distinct from C. septendecim. . 17 
= Tibicen septendecim, race tredecim 22 
first publication of name 15-16. 153 
Cicadas, yearly rccuiTence not necessarily indicative of life round limited to a 
year 12 
Climate, in relation to races of periodical Cicada 18-20 
Coccyzus americanus, enemy of periodical Cicada 138-139 
erythrophthalmiis, enemy of periodical Cicada 139 
Colaptes auratus lutevs, enemy of periodical Cicada 138 
Corvus brachyrhyncJios, enemy of periodical Cicada 139 
Cowbird. (See Molothriis ater.) 
Crayfish, house-building habit 91 
Crow. (See Corvus brachyrkynchos.) 
Cuckoo, black-billed. (See Coccyzus crythrophthalmus.) 
yellow-billed. (See Coccyzus americanus.) 
Dcndroica cerulea, not found to eat periodical Cicada 139 
Development, retardation in eggs of periodical Cicada Ill 
Digger wasp, larger. {See Wasp, larger digger.) 
Disease, periodical Cicada imagined cause 147 
Distribution, of periodical Cicada 34-77. 99-lOJ 
Dogs, enemies of periodical Cicachi 104 
Dragon-flies, enemies of periodical Cicada 128 
Dryobatcs pubescens mcdianus, enemy of periodical Cicada 138 
Evergreens, seldom oviposited in by periodical Cicada 105 
