35 
to the oround by iiiean.s of a silken thread. This may he on account 
of the fact that the larvfe sometimes drop accidentally and use the 
silken thread to support themselves. It is not uncommon to find these 
threads extending through the branches of trees which are badly 
infested with the codling moth. 
Professor Gillette finds that 85 per cent of the larvte enter the bands 
during the night, and the remaining 15 per cent during the da}', in 
Auuu.st. Observations of the writer show that in the summer the 
larger percentage enter the bands from 6 p. m. to about 11 p. m.. at 
Boise, Idaho. After 11 p. m. it is usuallv so cool that there is but 
little activity. In September the conditions as given by Gillette are 
about reversed. The nights are cold, and the larvte are active onh' 
durino- the warmer Darts of the dav. at Avhich times thev enter the 
bands. 
If the apple has fallen to tne ground the larva simply crawls into a 
convenient place and spins its cocoon. After leaving the fruit the 
larva is unprotected, and does not consume much time in finding a 
place to start its cocoon. 
PLACES OF SPINXIX(r COCOONS. 
Ill orchards the cocoons are normally found in cracks or holes in 
branches or trunks of the trees, under scales of rough ]:>ark, and in 
the rough bark on the main branches of the trees. When the trunk 
of a tree is smooth the cocoons are often found under bits of bark 
and in the earth about the foot of the trees. Cocoons are found under 
anything on the tree or leaning against it, as bands placed around the 
trunk, rags tied aroiuid the lnnl)s. or boards and sticks leaning against 
the tree. When much fruit h s fallen the larva' seem to have a greater 
range in spinning cocoons, often placing them among clods of earth, 
beneath paper or any other rubbish on the ground, in the cracks and 
rough bark of adjacent trees, in piles of wood or lumber, in fence 
posts, and under the pickets of fences. In piles of fruit in the orchards 
the cocoons are normall}' found placed among the ap})les: in orchards 
where the trunks and branches of the trees are smooth, the cocoons 
are often found in the cracks of the earth about the foot of the trees, 
and when fi'uit is lying on the ground they ha\'e been found among 
the clods of earth \)y Cordley and ^IcPherson. Cordley published a 
photograph showing a cocoon on a clod of earth. In the writer's 
experience two cases have been ft)und in which a cocoon was spun 
inside of wormy fruit. It was impossible to tell whether or not the 
larva^ which had spun these cocoons were tliose which had done the 
injury to the fruit. In packing houses it is (piite conunon to tind the 
larva' in cracks of the fioor. walls, and roof, in piles of lumber or 
boxes, and in the angles and cracks of boxes or barrels used for han- 
dling tne fruit. The larva usually gnaws out a cavity in which to 
