10 
Slingerland's bulletin is especially comprehensive, partly because of 
the late date of its publication, and partly because a complete bibliog- 
raph}^ and valualile historical notes are given. The excellent observa- 
tions and photographs are important features of this publication, 
which has been of the greatest assistance to the writer of this bulletin. 
The writer is under obligation to many for the aid given in this 
work. Hon. Edgar Wilson, Hon. Fremont Wood, and Mr. W. F. 
Cash rendered assistance in carrying out the practical tests; Mr. Alex. 
McPherson, the State horticultural inspector, made observations and 
gave aid in many ways; Mr. S. M. Blandford, of the United States 
W'eather Bureau, at Boise, kindh^ furnished the temperature data used; 
Mr. H. E. Burke, of the Department of Agriculture, assisted in the 
work in 190'2, and did much valuable and accurate Vv^ork upon the life 
hi-story of the insect; Prof. C. P. Gillette and Mr. D. ^\ . Coquillett 
kindly gave the writer access to their notes. Manv fruit growers in 
Idaho have rendered especially valuable aid in keeping records. Pro- 
fessor Slingerland granted permission to use many of his figures, and 
his bibliograph3% with his notes, is used as a foundation for that por- 
tion of this bulletin. Prof. J. M.Aldrich, Prof. A. B. Cordley, and 
Prof. C. V. Piper have at all times given aid, counsel, and advice, 
and granted permission to use their unpublished data. 
The estimates of injuries inflicted by the codling moth given in this 
bulletin are based principally upon observations made upon check 
trees in spraying experiments. 
SYSTEMATIC POSITION. 
The codling moth l^elongs to the order Lepidoptera. or scale-bear- 
ing insects, and has been assigned to the family Tortricidn?. The 
description of the genus Ca/'pocajjsa Treitschke, as given b}^ Meyrick, 
is as follows: 
Aiitenn?e in $ simple. Palpi moderate, curved, ascending. Thorax smooth. 
Fore wings with term en slightly sinuate. Hind wings in ^ with longitudinal groove 
below cell, including a hair pencil; 3 and 4 connate or stalked, 5 nearly parallel to 
4, 6 and 7 closely ai:)proximated toward base. A small but rather widely distributed 
genus. * * * 
The species lyomonella is distinguished from the other species by 
having the margin of the ocellus (or black spot on the wing) of a 
coppery metallic color. (See PL VII.) The description oi pomo7ieUa 
is given by Meyrick a« follows: 
14-19 mm. Forewings dark fuscous, finely irrorated with whitish, with darker 
stride; basai patch sometimes darker; a large dark coppery brow^n terminal patch 
hardly reaching costa, anterior edge more blackish, ocellos wathin this edged with 
bright coppery metallic. Hindwings fuscous, darker terminally. 
