6 
Life history — Continued. Page. 
The larval stage — Continued. 
Duration of the stages in the cocoon 37 
Influence of temperature upon the duration of the stage 38 
Effect of the insect upon the fruit 39 
The pupa 39 
Emergence of the moth 39 
The adult insect 40 
How to distinguish the sexes 40 
Habits of the moth 41 
Duration of life of the moth 41 
Generations of the insect 41 
Seasonal history 50 
Emergence of the moth 50 
Relation between the emergence of the moth and the blooming i)erio(L . . 51 
Hibernation 54 
Evidences of a third generation 55 
Conclusion 56 
Natural conditions which tend to decrease numbers 57 
Natural enemies 57 
Invertebrate enemies 59 
How to combat the insect 60 
Preventive measures 60 
Setting the trees 62 
Pruning 63 
Irrigation 64 
Soil or cover crops 64 
Orchard in bearing 64 
Preparing fruit for the market 65 
Preventive measures in old orchards 67 
Treatment of old orchards 68 
Remedial measures 69 
Measures of little or no value 69 
Measures of value 72 
Measures used against the larva 72 
Materials for spraying 80 
Cost of spraying 83 
Time and frequency of application of spray 85 
How the poison kills the insect 86 
The banding system 88 
Expense of banding 91 
When bands may be used 92 
Practical tests 92 
Resume and conclusion 96 
Bibliography of the more important contril)utions to the literature of the cod- 
ling moth 97 
