77 
method by which this pump can be connected with the engine. It is 
unnecessary to disconnect the spraying pump from the engine, as the 
suction hose of the spray pump may be removed from the spraying 
tank. This filling pump and connections can be purchased for about 
$20, and the time and labor saved b}^ its use will pay for it many 
times over during the season. This idea of having a filling pump 
attached to the spraying machine was originated and carried out suc- 
cessfully by Hon. Edgar Wilson, of Boise, Idaho. 
As before stated in regard to hand-power outfits, it is found nuich 
more expedient to use onl}^ two lines of hose. The length of this hose 
will depend upon the method used in spraying the trees. Bam])00 
extensions and nozzles are the same as those used in power outfits. 
It is found that water from irrigating ditches contains a considerable 
amount oi sand. The effect of the sand and the lime in the spraying 
solution is to cause the face of the nozzle to become badl}^ worn, ren- 
dering it unfit for use in five or six days of continuous spraying. 
Letters have been written to the more important manufacturers call- 
ing their attention to the fact that if these faces were hardened or 
made of steel the nozzles would last much longer, and it may be that 
these firms will shortly put such improved nozzles on the market. 
The tanks used in these spraying outfits may be made of wood or 
galvanized iron. The latter would be preferable on account of its 
lightness, but it would be disadvantageous because it would be some- 
what difficult to thoroughly brace it. The tanks should not have a 
larger capacity than 150 gallons and should be placed on the front end 
of the frame. Screens should be placed over the end of the hose lead- 
ing from the filling pump, as well as over the suction hose from the 
spraying pump. 
The agitator which has given the best satisfaction in this connection 
is formed ])y two paddles set at an angle, mounted on a vertical shaft, 
and run by power derived from the gasoline engine b}' means of a belt 
and bevel gearing. This agitator keeps the spraying solution in violent 
agitation and renders it uniform. 
The whole machine, engine, pumps, and tank should be mounted 
upon a rigid frame. On this frame there should be a platform at 
either side, with a railing, upon which the operators can stand. There 
should be supports for the bamboo extensions placed near the center 
of the outfit. (PI. XI, tig. 2.) This frame can be mounted upon an 
ordinary wagon, but it is preferable to use a low wagon with steel 
wheels and tires not less than 6 inches in width, which will largely pre- 
vent the wheels from sinking into the soft earth. A team and two 
men are required to operate this outfit. Both of the men spray; one 
drives, and the other starts and stops the engine. This reduction of 
labor makes a material reduction in the cost of spraying. 
Many tests have been made of these machines working under actual 
