98 
1819. Tufts. Massachusetts Agricultural Repository and Journal, Vol. V, 364-367. 
Apparently the first account of the insect in American literature. Previous American 
writers had credited the plum curculio with the cause of "wormy apples." Records 
some original breeding experiments by which he was led to conclude that the cause of 
most of the wormy apples in Massachusetts was a moth, and not a beetle or curculio. ^ 
1825. Thatcher. American Orchardist, second edition, p. 116. 
Records finding the worms on the trunks of trees, and therefore advises scraping off the 
rough bark and washing trunks with Forsyth's composition. Apparently the first notice 
of the insect in horticultural books, and the first one to make any recommendations fur 
controlling the insect. 
1826. KiRBY and Spence. Introduction to Entomology, III, p. 123. 
1829. Teeitschke. Die Schmetterlinge von Europa, Vol. VIII, pp. 161-163. 
Many references to earlier literature. Descriptions. Brief compiled account of life 
history. 
1831. Curtis. Brit. Entom., YIII, pi. 352. 
1833. "RusTicus." Entomological Magazine, Vol. I, pp. 144-146. 
A very good detailed account of the life habits of the insect. Eggs laid in the calyx 
cup. One brood. Apparently the first important article in the English literature. 
1833. BoucHE. Garten-Insekten, pp. 113-114. 
Brief compiled descriptions and account of habits. All that can be done to control it is 
to collect and feed out all wormy fruit as fast as it falls. 
1834. Stephens. 111. Brit. Ent. Haust, IV, p. 119. 
1837. ScHMiDBERGER. In Kollar's Naturg. der schiid. Insecten, (For English 
translation see Loudon and Westwood's edition of Kollar, pp. 229-232, date 
1840). 
Good general account. Two broods indicated. (He published an earlier and more 
complete account in his Natur. der Obst. schiid. Insecten, to which we have not had 
access.) 
1838. Westwood. Gardiner's Magazine, Vol. XIV, pp. 234-239. 
Mostly a good compilation from the accounts by Reaumur and " Rusticus." One brood 
indicated. 
1840. BuRRELLE. New England Farmer, Vol. XVIII, no. 48, June 3, p. 398. "On 
the Curculio." 
Records breeding the moth. One brood only. Apparently the first one to suggest the 
famous "banding" method. 
1840. Ratzeburg. Die Forst-Insecten, Vol. II, pp. 234-236, pi. 14. tig. 7. 
Very good general account. Believes there is but one brood in North Germany, and 
doubts Schmidberger's account of two broods in South Germany. 
1841. Harris. Insects of Massachusetts, pp. 351-355. (In the editions of 1852 
and 1862 no change occurs. ) 
Very good general account. Only one brood indicated. 
1843. Gaylord. Trans. X. Y. State Agr. Soc, p. 158. 
Brief account with Westwood's figure. Recommends allowing swine to run in orchard. 
Insect then common in New England, but very rare in the Middle States. 
1844. Low. Schiidliche Insecten, pp. 239-241. 
Largely a compilation from Roesel, with good discussion of remedies. 
1845. Downing. Fruits and Fruit-trees, p. 66. 
Brief account. 
1846. Morris, Miss. ("Old Lady.") American Agriculturist, Vol. V, February, 
pp. 65-66. 
Good account, with original observations, and illustrated by what is probably the first 
original figure of the insect to appear in American literature. 
1849. Cole. American Fruit Book, p. 89. 
Brief account. Reports it numerous in New England and along the seaboard, and 
becoming more common in the Middle States. 
