164 
The Cure of Sheep Scab. 
but, when imported, manufactured tobacco is used. The latter is 
obtained free of duty by having it first rendered unfit for smoking 
by the application of tar or kerosine. Its cost is about 3d. per lb. 
By means of an ordinary boiler, one man, or even a boy, can 
prepare in one hour sufficient of the mixture to dip a thousand 
sheep, or in other words the labour required to “ make up ” a lime and 
sulphur dip does not cost a farthing more than that involved in 
mixing a dip of Cooper’s or any other specific, for I hold from long 
experience that fire must be used in the preparation of any sheep 
dip for scab. To be thoroughly effective it must he applied hot. 
It is true more care is necessary in the preparation of the 
tobacco and sulphur dip, and solely for that reason tlie lime and 
sulphur dip is preferable. The cost of the lime and sulphur dip is 
one penny per gallon, and as the sheep after the di{> stand on a floor 
which conducts all drainings from them back into the dip, the 
quantity of liquid carried away by each sheep is infinitesimal, 
so far as its money value is concerned. 
Our Australian experience of tobacco and sulphur, and of lime 
and sulphur, as the only effectual means of curing scab is such that 
at the Stock Conference held in Sydney in 1886, and again in 
Melbourne in 1889, attended by the chief inspectors and Govern- 
ment veterinarians of all the Colonies, it was on both occasions 
decided that none but these two dips be recognised by the Colonies, 
and this has now been embodied in regulations under the “ Stock 
Diseases Acts ” of all the Colonies. 
The stamping out of scab in these Colonies has been more 
retarded by vendors of patent sheep dips than by any other clause, 
hence the determination of the Governments of all the Colonies to 
forbid the use of any specific except tobacco and sulphur, or lime 
and sulphur, for scab, or for the (precautionary) dressing of imported 
sheep while in quarantine. 
As to our Colonial methods of curing and controlling stock 
diseases, I may add that, in the case of that under notice, scab 
in sheep, we have all along worked from a central authority, having 
found to our cost that local authorities were productive of much 
more harm than benefit. 
But the great success of the “ Diseases in Sheep Acts” in this 
and other Australian Colonies has been the enforced publicity given 
— under a heavy penalty — to all ca.ses of disease. For instance, if 
scab were to appear on any station in Queensland, the owner of the 
sheep would have to comply with the following requirements : — 1. 
To send notice to the local and chief Inspector; 2. to similarly 
notify his neighbours ; 3. to insert a similar notice in a newspaper 
circulating in the District ; 4. To put a notice on any road inter- 
secting his Run. The Inspector on his part would have to define 
the boundaries of tlie Run, into or out of which no sheep would 
be allowed to pass, and this quarantine would be kept up for six 
months after the sheep had been dressed and found to be free from 
scab. 
If the outbreak were a small one, say a small flock belonging to 
