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Recent Agriculkiral Publications. 
and must not be confounded with cases of tardy eruption. The 
suppression of the tushes in the mare is practically a normal condi- 
tion. Excessive length of the incisors of the upper jaw constitutes 
the defect commonly known as “parrot mouth,” and is seldom seen 
except in very old horses. As regards the molar teeth we read : — 
“ Irregularity and deformity of the molars are the causes of much constitu- 
tional trouble ; the interference with the mechanical action of the jaws and 
the soreness produced in them and in the cheeks and tongue render tritura- 
tion of the food and mixture with saliva incomplete ; the unprepared food 
is not digested and assimilated properly, causing a defective nutrition ; the 
animal falls away in flesh, becomes hide-bound, and may have attacks of 
indigestion. The non-assimilation of the food causes indigestion and atony 
of the digestive tract and predisposes to intestinal calculi. The molars of 
all stable-fed animals should be looked to once or twice a year, including 
those of race-colts which are grain-fed from weaning. The inspection of 
molars should constitute a part of examination for soundness.” 
Two kinds of “ cribbing ” are distinguished ; first that of the 
wind-sucker, who practises the habit nose in air, and consequently 
produces no abnormal wearing of the teeth ; and second, the cribber, 
who requires some foreign body between the teeth and wears them 
away at the place of prehension. On tliis subject the author re- 
marks : — 
“ In examining an animal, even when the age is readily recognised, care 
should be taken to open the jaws completely, so as to inspect all surfaces of 
the teeth. While cribbing marks, when on the anterior face of the teeth, 
are apparent on superficial examination, those on the posterior face are 
often hidden by the foam and saliva, unless care is taken to wipe the latter 
away. A slight bevel worn on the anterior surface is evident, with the 
teeth closed, from the separation of the enamel and the presence of a yellow 
line, made by the exposed dentine, while a considerable bevel might be over- 
looked when its surface is a continuation of the yellow dentine of the table 
and is looked at from the front.” 
On the subject of tampering with horses’ moutlis for fraudulent 
purposes it is mentioned that within recent yeai’s, especially in 
America, there has arisen a fraternity of “ Equine Dentists,” a guild 
endowed with great enthusiasm,' “ who not only relieve the animals 
suffering from irregular and sharp molars, but, wdth artistic skill, 
remodel the whole mouth, and produce changes which sometimes 
greatly complicate the characters of the teeth as indications of the 
age of the horse.” 
On the question of the dentition of the pig, the author has some 
observations which are likely to prove of interest to breeders and 
exhibitors. 
Some of the statements are open to exception, as, for example 
(page 171), “All breeds of cattle are provided with horns, except 
that known as the Angus or Polled Angus.” Perhaps an American 
writer may be forgiven for his want of familiarity with the Galloway 
and the Red Polled breeds. 
The volume will serve a useful purpose should it prove the means 
of inducing breeders to acquire a fuller knowledge of the teeth of 
live-stock, to which end the engravings which are profusely scattered 
through the work cannot fail to largely contribute. 
