Production und Consumption of Milk. 
425 
Cduncil (Mr. Alfred Spencer) also kindly supplied some valuable 
information. The number of licensed cowshed premises still exist- 
ing in the county of London is 620, the number of cows kept therein 
being about 8,500. Twenty-five years ago there were 10,000, and 
shortly befoi’e that there were 24,000. The present London milk 
supply was thus summarised : — 
Gallons per Day 
Gallons per Annum 
Per Cent. 
By rail 
110,712 
40,431,000 
831 
From cowsheds .... 
20,000 
7,300,000 
15.0 
By road and miscellaneous 
2,527 
923,000 
1-9 
Total . . . 
133,239 
48,664,000 
1000 
Taking the present population (1891) of London as 4,211,056, 
this gives an annual consumption per head of only 11 '55 gallons 
(0'25 pint per day). 
Some figures were given — supplied from the books of milk 
sellers — showing the average daily delivery of milk per family in 
nine different localities, four of them being districts of the metropolis, 
three districts of Manchester, and two small country towns. In 
each case the returns were worked to show the consumption per 
head, which, on the basis of five persons per family, ranged from 
thirty- four to three gallons per annum. 
If we take each of the nine cases as typical, and give each an 
equal value, we get an average daily consumption per family of 
2'17 pints, and per head of 0‘43 pint, and an average annual con- 
sumption per head of 19‘75 gallons. 
Another set of figures was given, as throwing a little further 
light on the subject. These were returns from eighteen public 
institutions in or near London — none of them being hospitals or 
places where there is a medical dietary — showing the average daily 
consumption of milk, cheese, and butter per head. To these were 
added figures taken from the books of a large West-end boarding- 
house. The mean consumption per head per diem was, milk 0'66 
pint, cheese 0’54 oz., butter 0’90 oz. The figures were — especially 
as regards milk— no doubt exceptional, and not to be relied on for 
a general calculation. 
Various other estimates and returns were referred to as bearing 
on the question of consumption, and finally I ventured to put the 
probable consumption per head of butter and cheese in the United 
Kingdom at the present time as follows ; — 
Jiuiter—i^lb. per annum, or o-66 oz. per day. 
C7teese-i2 „ 053 „ 
This includes a foreign supply of 8’8 lb. of butter and 6 T lb. 
of cheese per head per annum. 
As regards the consumption per head of milk, three calculations 
from very different data were given in the paper. The average 
(30-26 gallons) given in the table referring to public institutions 
