Miscellaneous Implements Exhibited at Warwich. 529 
it, in which position the exhaust valve remains open and no fresh 
charge is taken into the cylinder. It is only during the act of 
rotation of the valve that a charge of gas or air is taken. 
A light spiral spring connected to the pawl may be so 
adjusted as to vary the normal speed of the engine within 
certain limits. The cylinder is not water-jacketted in the 
ordinary way, an open tank with loose cover being cast round 
the cylinder. 
Messrs. J. E. JL Andrew & Co., Ltd., Reddish, near 
Stockport (Stand 255). The above firm exhibited three of their 
engines known as the Stockport gas engines ; they work on the 
Otto Cycle, and have been exhibited at previous Shows of the 
Society. On the larger engine (14 horse-power) is fitted a self- 
starting apparatus, consisting merely ofa valve by which live gas 
is admitted into the cylinder, and, mixing with the air therein, 
forms an explosive mixture. This passes, together with the air 
in the cylinder, through the incandescent tube, which is fitted 
with a valve on top to allow of the passage of such gas ; and so 
soon as the proportions of the escaping gas and air are such as 
to form an explosive mixture, it is fired by a gas flame and starts 
the engine. Such an arrangement answers for starting the engine 
when running light, and obviates the necessity of pulling it round 
by hand; but as there is no compression of the charge previous 
to ignition, the force of the explosion would not be sufficient to 
start the engine against any considerable load. 
Messrs. Tangyes, Ltd., Birmingham (Stand 25G), exhibited 
seven gas engines of various sizes, from 2 horse-power to 16 horse- 
power nominal, all working on the Otto principle, but having 
certain details (fig. 2), protected by the exhibitors, for which 
special advantages are claimed. Fh’st among these is the particular 
form of combustion chamber, and the manner in which the chars'e 
of gas and air is admitted to the same. Instead of the “ pot ” 
shaped chamber the form used is a bent-shaped cone — described 
as Pinkney’s Patent Ignition Chamber — the gas and air being 
admitted at the smaller end of the same, where also the firing 
takes place. This provides for a more gradual explosion, whereby 
the sudden shock at the commencement of the forward ignition 
stroke of the engine is to some degree minimised, while, owing 
to the slower combustion, the pressure is rather better maintained 
throughout the later portion of the stroke. 
With the view of ensuring a complete admixture of the gas 
with the air, the gas enters the space below the inlet valve 
through several horizontal holes, while the air is admitted verti- 
cally. The inlet valve is opened mechanically, and does not 
close until after the gas valve is shut. A communication is 
