594 New Modes of Bisposing of Fruit and Vegetables. 
fruit for his own use, for the market, and for posterity, for fruit- 
growing involves the element of time as does no other crop. When 
the market for green fruit fails, there are yet opportunities for the 
profitable disposition of it.” 
These are, canning, evaporating, and drying by sun, which, of 
course, can only be adopted in certain climates, besides the ordinary 
jam making, which, as has been shown above, is almost the sole means 
of absorbing the surplus fruit not required for eating in a fresh con- 
dition in Great Britain. Large producers of fruit and vegetables in 
the United iStates and Canada have found it imperative to establish 
factories for canning and evaporating, just as British growers have 
recently discovered the necessity of jam factories to utilise the fruit 
they cannot sell satisfactorily in a natural state. Jam factories 
are being erected in all districts devoted to fruit culture in this 
country, and it is believed, when the advantages of canning and 
evaporating fruits and vegetables are fully realised, factories for 
these operations will be erected, or machinery for these processes 
added to existing jam factories. We should be able to make at home 
the evaporated fruit and vegetables which are now imported from 
the United States in such large quantities, as well as those canned. 
With respect to canned fruit, we ought to be able to undersell the 
American manufacturer, as sugar is more than 100 per cent, cheaper 
in this country. 
Mr. Shelton points out to the Queenslanders that “ the canning 
of fruit and vegetables is not work for the factory and capitalist 
alone. Large as the factory interest is in the States, it seems to me 
clear that the canned fruit and vegetables made in American homes 
largely exceed in amount and value the product of the factoiies of 
the country. The annual canning there for use in the family recui’s 
with the fruit season in well nigh every household. The cheapness 
of the purchasable article of canned goods has doubtless greatly 
stimulated domestic consumption, but this home canning goes on as 
before. It should be remembered that fruit and vegetable canning 
is one of the home industries that is within easy reach of eveiy 
adult person of ordinary intelligence.” 
Mr. Sheltcn gives in his useful pamphlet receipts for canning and 
evaporating fruit, both upon a large and small scale, for factory as 
well as for domestic use. These receipts are mainly extracted from 
a lecture upon " Canning Fruit,” delivered before an Agricultural 
Conference held by the Agricultural and Pastoral Society of 
Southern Queensland at Beeuleigh, by Mrs. Shelton, who is evi- 
dently an expert in all kinds of fruit preserving. Mrs. Shelton not 
only formulated receipts, but demonstrated them by canning fruit 
and vegetables before an interested assembly. Mrs. Shelton re- 
marked first that now “the fruit-grower is sure of a market. I he 
introduction of fruit canning into California has revolutionized the 
fruit-growing industry of that State. In former times the markets 
of that State were in much the same position as ours are in to-day in 
Australia — frequently a feast and frequently a famine. The condi- 
tion of the market was spasmodic, and prices fluctuated. In gcoil 
