Cottage Sanitation. 
G41 
construction of the closet is the same as that of the ordinary- 
privy, -with an opening at the back for the removal of the pail. 
It is more convenient, however, in most cases, where the pail can be 
frequently emptied, to make simply a closet with a concreted floor 
sloping slightly forwards. A hinged seat with a hole in it rests 
on two side supports or brackets, and the tub is simply slipped 
in from the front (see fig. 5). There should be no “riser” or 
upright piece of wood in front of the pail. 
Earth, ashes, peat moss, or sawdust, should be provided as 
mentioned above. The pails may be of galvanised iron or 
simply of wood. They can be easily made by sawing a paraffin 
Fig. G. — Plan of Pail-closet. 
cask in two and affixing handles. When of wood they ought 
to be frequently tarred both externally and internally. These 
pails should be emptied and cleansed once a week. If they are 
to be taken to any distance to be emptied they should have 
watertight lids, so that their contents cannot be spilled. A 
good method of securing these lids is shown in fig. 7 on page 
G42, where a pail with a patent lid is shown. On the pail and on 
the edge of the lid are smooth wrought-iron surfaces. To the 
latter is fixed an india-rubber ring. On the top of the lid is a 
clamp, which presses the lid firmly down. 
A Norfolk gentleman* has provided his cottagers with pail- 
closets, and wi’ites as follows : “ The contents are emptied into a 
' Mr. Edwin Walker, of Field Balling, Berehara. 
