86 WHITE FLIES INJURIOUS TO CITRUS IN FLORIDA. 
THE CLOUDY-WINGED WHITE FLY. 
(Aleyrodes nubifera Berger.) 
HISTORY. 
Specimens of the cloudy- winged white fly (eggs, larvae, and pupse) 
in the collection of the Bureau of Entomology show that this species 
occurred on oranges in the United States as early as 1889. The 
records in connection with the specimens show that it was collected 
in Mississippi and North Carolina in 1889, in Louisiana in 1890, and 
in Florida in 1895. Outside of the United States it is known to occur 
only in Cuba. Its introduction into the United States from Cuba 
does not seem as probable as its introduction into Cuba from the 
United States. At present there is no evidence concerning the 
probable origin of the insect except in the absence, so far as is known, 
of other food plants than citrus, which would seem to indicate the 
introduction of the insect with its only known food plant. 1 
Several writings on the citrus white fly (Aleyrodes citri) have in part 
included the cloudy- winged white fly (A. nubifera). Prof. H. A. 
Morgan, 2 in 1893, previous to the publication of the original descrip- 
tion of Aleyrodes citri, briefly described the egg of Aleyrodes nubifera 
and figured it, the description of the pupa and adult given at the 
same time evidently being based on specimens of A. citri. The 
species to which Prof. Morgan referred the specimens was Aley- 
rodes citrifolii Riley MS. The original description of the citrus 
white fly, 3 while unquestionably defining the species generally recog- 
nized as A. citri, included in part reference to what is probably the 
cloudy-winged white fly. In the text the description of the first 
stage or instar of the larva was evidently based on a specimen of the 
cloudy-winged white fly and the illustration of the first instar 4 was 
also based on this species with little doubt. One figure of the pupa 5 
and one of the pupa case 6 evidently were based upon specimens of 
the same species. In the writings of Prof. Gossard there are no 
references in the text which evidently refer to the cloudy-winged 
white fly, but what is probably this species is represented in an 
illustration of the first stage. 7 
1 Its recent discovery on Ficus nitida, rubber tree, in greenhouses at Audubon Park, 
New Orleans, La., points to its possible introduction from India. 
2 The Orange and Other Citrus Fruits. Special Bulletin Louisiana Agricultural 
Experiment Station, p. 72, 1893. 
3 Insect Life, vol. 5, pp. 220-222, 1893. 
4 Id., vol. 5, p. 219, fig. 23, d. 
5 Id., vol. 5, p. 219, fig. 23, h. 
6 Id., vol. 5, p. 219, fig. 23, i. 
7 Bulletin 67, Florida Agricultural Experiment Station, pi. 2, fig. 1. See also 
Bulletin 88, pi. 2, fig. 1, and Bulletin 97, fig. 11, Florida Agricultural Experiment 
Station, and Circular 30, California Agricultural Experiment Station, pi. 2, fig. 1. 
