30 MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS ON APICULTURE. 
improbable, inasmuch as the greenhouse men buy their bees wherever 
they can get them — all the bees within a radius of several miles of 
the rubbish pile are exposed. More than once the writer has seen 
from two to a half dozen such hives cast out on the rubbish heap. 
While there is no intention of endangering neighbors' bees, it is as 
criminal to throw out of doors any hive in which bees have died as 
it is to shake the bedding or throw the waste of the sick room from 
the window. Discarded hives and their contents, if the cucumber 
grower does not wish to render the wax, should be thrown under the 
boiler. 
PURCHASING BEES AND QUEEXS. 
In purchasing bees the buyer should be as certain that he is getting 
stock free from disease as is the farmer, who purchases cows, that 
these have no tuberculosis. A region where the disease is not found 
or where it has been successfully suppressed can be reinfected by 
one careless purchase. For instance, speaking of Xew York State, 
Mr. Charles Stewart says : a 
Just as we [the inspectors] were feeling that we had nearly stamped it [the 
disease] out and were masters of the situation we discovered that at least one 
if not two fresh importations had been made in a section of the State where 
no trouble of this kind [European foul brood] formerly existed (p. 55). 
To some degree this applies to purchasing queen bees. It is usually 
safe, however, to introduce a queen if she is removed from the cage 
in which she is mailed and is introduced unaccompanied by her escort 
of workers. The candy which is shipped with queens should never be 
put into a hive. 
STRAY BEES. 
There is one agent over which the bee keeper has no control and 
which should cause him no anxiety if a considerable territory is 
freed of the diseases. It is a well-known fact that under certain con- 
ditions, as, for instance, in storms and heavy winds, bees enter hives 
other than their own. Obviously, then, such bees in their interchange 
of hives may spread the infection. This only emphasizes the urgency 
of cleaning the disease out of a whole State, or, better, out of a block 
of States, as New England. Cooperation is the key to the situation. 
BROOD DISEASES CAN BE CONTROLLED. 
Enumeration of the methods by which disease is spread should 
not convey the idea that these diseases can not be combated, for it 
has been thoroughly demonstrated that by judicious and persistent 
manipulation both of them can be successfully controlled and sup- 
a Report of tbe Meeting of the Inspectors of Apiaries, San Antonio, Tex., 
November 12, 1906. Bui. 70, Bur. Ent, U. S. Dept. Agric, 1907. 
