38 HYDROCYANIC-ACID GAS FUMIGATION IX CALIFORNIA. 
pullers seldom get more than one or two trees ahead of the cart, 
and thus all trees receive the same length of exposure. The work of 
the men who dose the trees is easier than where the heavy trays are 
used. Another decided advantage is that the orchardist can at any- 
time determine what character of treatment is being given his trees 
and see that the work is properly carried out. In the past many 
persons have been prone to look upon fumigation as a process that 
is complex and more or less mysterious. In some cases fumigators 
of years' experience have encouraged this widely prevailing opinion, 
so that they might themselves be looked upon as experts in a prac- 
tice difficult to understand and only capable of being successfully 
performed by men of long experience and special qualifications. 
This is, of course, erroneous. The improved system outlined in 
these pages shows how simple the practice of fumigation may be 
made. Careful men who have never before heard of fumigation 
can begin the practice of this system and are competent, after a 
few hours of instruction, to secure even better results than were to 
be expected from the most expert fumigator in California under the 
old method. This system reduces fumigation to a matter of simple 
mechanical operation, entirely 'intelligible to the average man, 
wherein the operator, to obtain the best results, is required merely 
to proceed according to the formulas and directions given. Hence, 
orchardists are enabled to own then own outfits and carry on then 
work after the most economical as well as successful manner. Owner- 
ship of tents is to be advised for several reasons, which are fully 
explained elsewhere in this bulletin. Fumigation then can be con- 
ducted at the most opportune time, good and careful work is assured, 
while the expense is at a minimum. An orchardist owning his own 
tents can keep his fruit clean at all times, which otherwise might be 
impossible, because the number of fumigation outfits in southern 
California at the present time is insufficient to cope properly with 
the situation. 
EXPERIENCE WITH THIS SYSTEM. 
The introduction of this improved system was made with two 
outfits of the YYhittier Citrus Association, at "Whittier, CaL, during 
the latter part of July, 1908, using dosage schedule Xo. 1 for the 
purple scale. On August 15 a demonstration was made before a 
meeting of fruit growers and fumigators in Los Angeles and pro- 
voked deep interest. The very successful work against the purple 
scale at YYhittier had begun to be evident by this time and led to 
the prompt adoption of the system by the orchardists thereabout. 
Growers from other localities, inquiring into the experience with 
the recent innovation at YYhittier, commenced to sanction its adop- 
tion in their respective districts, so that by the end of the fumiga- 
