PARASITIC FUNGI. ."> 1 
llk-l FIELD APPLICATIONS 01 n NGOU8 ENEMIES 01 Mil CHINCH BUG. 
As has been stated, tin* credil for first confining healthv chinch buj 
rs 
with those diseased and utilizing the individuals thus infected by 
trim -port ing them to sections of the count ry supposedly free from the 
disease in order to create new area- of infection, belongs to Prof. 
F. II. Snow. During October, L888, the year prior to thai during 
which Professor Snow began his experiments, Prof. Otto Lugger, 
of Minnesota, collected a quantity of diseased chinch bugs al the 
experiment station at St. Anthony Park and distributed them to 
eighteen different localities in the southern part of the State where 
t ho pest was known to occur in destructive abundance. The diseased 
material was sent out in tin boxes by mail, and the content- of the 
boxes, on arrival at their destination, were -imply thrown in any 
field where there was an abundance of chinch bugs. Later in the 
season the condition of affairs where these distributions had been 
made was such that "careful search in the majority of place- failed 
to produce a single living specimen, while the trace- of the disease 
were found everywhere." With a spirit of caution and exactness 
in every way most commendable on the part of Professor Lugger, 
he says: "The disease spread so rapidly that even corn growing 
near wheat fields crowded with chinch bugs was entirely protected, 
and no bugs had entered it in all the places visited by myself. But 
the writer i- by no means satisfied that the disease was really intro- 
duced in this manner. Is it not possible that the disease was already 
there, unknown to anyone, and that the writer had simply reintro- 
duced it- germs? The reason for this belief is based upon the fact 
that too large an area was infested by the disease — too large to he 
readily accounted for by the short time in which the atmospheric 
conditions were apparently in its favor."" 
In this case Professor Lugger states that both Entomophthora and 
Sporotrichum were present and the latter was sent by him to Pro- 
fessor Forbes, so there is the same confusion of the two fungi in this 
case that existed in the writer'- experiments in Indiana, except that in 
the one ca-e it wa.- certain that Kntomophthora was present, while in 
the other it wa.- the Sporotrichnin. 
TIN. UOIIK oi PBOFESSOB SNOW IX KANSAS. 
Although Professor Snow had the experience and observations of 
Shinier. Forbes, and Lugger to aid him in his first efforts to apply 
the knowledge gained by these gentlemen, yet it must be -aid that it 
ha- been largely due to his untiring energy and perseverance that the 
use of these fungi has reached the present state of importance. It 
will hardly be saying too much if we state that his persistent un- 
a University of Minnesota Experiment Sta., Bui. I, Oct., 1888, pp. i" n 
