72 THE CHINCH BUG. 
green clumps of grass, thus showing that the former had either not 
been buried by the plowing and cultivation of the ground, or else the 
grass had not been thoroughly covered, and thus ladders had been left 
whereby they were enabled to climb to the surface. 
SUMMARY OF REMEDIAL AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES. 
In summing up the matter of remedial and preventive measures 
for the control of the chinch bug. it may be stated that the insects can 
be destroyed in their places of hibernation by the use of fire. They 
can, under favorable meteorological conditions, be destroyed in the 
fields, if present in sufficient abundance during the breeding season, 
by the use of the fungus Sporotrichum globuliferum, if promptly and 
carefully applied. They can be destroyed while in the act of migrat- 
ing from one field to another by tarred barriers or deep furrows sup- 
plemented by post holes, and by being buried under the surface of the 
ground with the plow and harrow; or the latter method can be ap- 
plied after the bugs have been massed upon plats of some kind of 
A'egetation for which the bugs are known to have a special fondness, 
which decoys should be so arranged as to either attract the females 
and induce them to oviposit therein, or they should be arranged with 
the idea of intercepting an invasion from wheat fields into cornfields. 
"When these decoys have been turned under with a plow and the sur- 
face immediately smoothed and packed by harrow and roller, the bugs 
will be destroyed. While in the cornfields they can be destroyed on 
the plants by the application of kerosene emulsion. Without vigi- 
lance and prompt action, however, only indifferent results are to be 
expected from any of these measures. 
PROBABLE ORIGIN AND DIFFUSION OF THE CHINCH BUG. 
For the farmer engaged in attempts to check the ravages of the 
insect in his fields the question of origin, or how it came to reach 
him, will at the time have little interest for him. It will suffice that 
it is present in overwhelming numbers, and what he will most desire 
will be to learn how to rid his premises of its most unwelcome 
presence in the most summary manner possible. 
If, however, the farmer happens to be a thoughtful and observing 
man he will sometimes wonder how it is that, except in Virginia and 
the Carolinas, a person need not be very aged in order to remember 
a time when the chinch bug was an unknown factor in his profession, 
with a possible value far too small to merit consideration. If he 
happens to reside in northeastern Ohio or in some portions of Xew 
York, and has -pent some time in Illinois. Iowa. Kansas, or Minne- 
sota, he will probably marvel at the striking difference in appearance 
