66 THE SAN JOSE SCALE. 
ST T MMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS. 
We have discussed the subject of remedies and preventives as apply- 
ing to different sections of the country and as affected by varying cli- 
matic conditions somewhat in detail, both as a matter of record and 
to give an intelligent comprehension of the present information on the 
subject, and also to furnish an adequate basis for future experimenta- 
tion. It remains to sum up in brief the results so far gained. 
For the Pacific Coast the experience of years has given confidence in 
treatment and washes suitable to the climatic conditions there obtain- 
ing and now generally used and well understood. 
For the East, experience justifies the following steps as of highest 
importance: 
(1) In all cases of recent or slight attack the affected stock should be 
promptly uprooted and burned. No measure is so sure as this, and the 
danger of spread is so great that this course seems fully warranted. 
(2) In cases of long standing and wide extent the affected stock 
should be cut back severely and treated with winter soap wash. Stock 
badly in crusted with scale should be cut out at once and burned. The 
lessening of the vitality, together with the poisoning of the sapwood 
already effected by the scale in such cases, will usually prevent the 
plant from ever again becoming healthy, and generally it is beyond 
help. We wish particularly to impress upon the minds of fruit growers 
that as soon as this insect is found to occur in an orchard the most 
strenuous measures must be taken to stamp it out. No halfway steps 
will suffice. The individual inust remember that not only are his own 
interests vitally at stake but those of the entire community in which he 
resides. He may think that he can not bear the loss, but the loss in 
consequence of the slightest neglect will be much greater. The fact, 
too, that there is a community of interests among fruit growers in this 
matter must not be lost sight of. Fruit growers must be mutually 
helpful in an emergency like this. 
(3) As precautionary measures to prevent the introduction of the 
scale into new districts, the following considerations are important: No 
orchardist should admit a single young fruit tree or a single cutting 
from a distance into his orchard without first carefully examining it 
and satisfying himself conclusively that it does not carry a single speci- 
men of the San Jose scale; he should insist, also, on a guaranty from 
the nurseryman of such freedom. In addition, no fruit should be 
brought upon the premises without previous careful inspection. If 
this course is adopted by everyone interested, Avithout exception, the 
rate of spread of the species may be limited to the comparatively slight 
natural extension by crawling, by winds, and by the aid of other 
insects and birds. 
