30 THE SAN JOSE SCALE. 
In February, 1895, Mr. E. B. Engle, of Waynesboro, transmitted 
scale-infested twigs secured from the premises of Mr. Jacob Lester, 
near Waynesboro. The trees were reported to have been secured from 
a Maryland nursery company a few years before. The scales seemed 
to be chiefly conflued to plum trees planted four years ago. From 
these, however, it was afterwards found to have spread to an osage- 
orange hedge near by, which was very badly infested, demonstrating 
that the San Jose scale would thrive on this unsuspected food plant. 
Mr. Lester proposed to spray vigorously. Under date of January 7, 
1896, Mr. Engle writes us that Mr. Lester applied whale-oil soap the 
previous spring with very satisfactory results and almost exterminated 
the scale both on his plums and on the hedge. 
At Bristol, as we are informed by Mr. C. Taylor Knight under date 
of February 6, 1895, the scale was introduced upon a dozen Japan 
plum trees purchased from one of the New Jersey companies three 
years before. From these it has spread to adjoining pears and plums, 
affecting about thirty trees in all. Many of these trees have been 
uprooted and burned and others sprayed with whale-oil soap and kero- 
sene emulsion. 
VIRGINIA. 
But two points of infestation have been located in this State, namely, 
the one at Charlottesville already referred to and another at City Point. 
The orchard of Dr. C. H. Hedges at Charlottesville, where the scale 
was first located in the East early in August, 1893, is a small one, situ- 
ated about a third of a mile from the center of the town, and contains 
chiefly dwarf pear trees, with, however, various other fruit trees and 
raspberry and currant bushes. The currants and the pear were the 
plants chiefly affected, and, as afterwards learned, the scale had been 
introduced on these, particularly the currants, about 1890, with stock 
obtained from one of the New Jersey nurseries. A thorough treatment 
with hydrocyanic acid gas was given to the orchard in March, 1894, 
under the immediate and skilled supervision of Mr. D. W. Coquillett. 
The operation was as thorough as it could be made. That a few of the 
insects survived the treatment, however, was shown by the receipt of 
living specimens late in the fall of the same year from Dr. Hedges. 
The State Board of Agriculture was informed concerning this condition 
of affairs and made an appropriation of $100 for the purpose of con- 
ducting a final campaign during the winter of 1894-95. 
The spraying operations were inadequately conducted, however, and 
inspection in the late fall of 1895 showed that only temporary relief had 
been gained. The existing state of affairs was brought to the atten- 
tion of the State authorities, and we were informed by the commissioner 
of agriculture of Virginia January 13, 1896, that the State legislature 
proposes taking some action on the subject of the San Jose scale. 
The other locality, which is on the James River in Prince George 
County, was reported to us June 26, 1895, by Prof. W. B. Alwood, 
