PRINCIPAL SOURCES OF INFESTATION IN THE EAST. 15 
for the reason that we hoped the owners would be able by prompt 
effort to exterminate the insect, and also because in many cases such a 
public statement would have brought about great financial injury to 
persons who had exerted themselves to place information and facilities 
for investigation at our disposal. With the discovery of the very wide 
extent of the dissemination of the scale, however, the necessity of con 
cealment would seem to have passed away and the placing of all the 
facts upon record could be easily urged in the interests of the entire 
fruit-growing population. In the matter of nursery companies, however, 
the Department authorities do not feel warranted in publishing names 
and exact localities. As a matter of fact, however, the location and 
ownership of the more important nurseries have already been published 
in experiment-station bulletins issued by the stations of Delaware. 
Maryland, Ohio. New York, and Massachusetts, in agricultural jour- 
nals, and in special entomological publications. Moreover, the whole 
San Jose scale question has been publicly discussed at many horticul- 
tural conventions, and the ownership of affected nurseries has become 
in this way generally known. 
The two nurseries responsible for the original Eastern introduction 
of the scale are near Burlington. X. J., and Little Silver, X. J., the one 
on the Delaware Eiver and the other near the Atlantic coast. The 
scale was introduced into these two nurseries in the same way. Either 
in 1886 or 1887, in the endeavor to secure a thoroughly curculio-proof 
plum, both of these nurseries introduced from California an improved 
Japanese variety, the Kelsey, obtained from the San Jose district. We 
have the statement from the proprietors of one of the nurseries that the 
plum trees in question were secured in the spring of 1887 from San Jose, 
Cat, and were shipped through the agency of a Missouri nursery com- 
pany, which acted in this instance apparently as a mere transmitting 
agent. The trees were unquestionably thoroughly infested when 
received, did not thrive, and in both cases most of them were ulti- 
mately taken out and destroyed. The stock, however, had been multi- 
plied by nursery methods, and from the original stock, and that sub- 
sequently obtained, the scale spread more or less completely throughout 
both of the nurseries in question. 
In the case of one of the nurseries the scale spread to bearing pear 
trees, and from these had spread yearly to neighboring nursery trees. 
In the other nursery, fruit growing is quite an important feature 
and the scales hid spread early from the introduced plum trees to bear- 
ing fruit trees, and also infested low shrubs and plants, particularly 
currants of both the black and white varieties. It spread finally more 
or less thoroughly throughout large blocks of nursery stock. Both 
of these linns, when the nature of the infestation was brought to their 
attention and the seriousness ot the damage they were doing was made 
apparent to Them, undertook measures to exterminate the scale. One 
of the nursnry companies was particularly prompt ami thorough in 
