96 
LEAFHOPPERS AFFECTING CEREALS, ETC. 
found especially in wheat fields, in clover, and grass, and has evi- 
dently a rather wide range of food. 
Since it is so generally distributed, it is not such a simple matter 
to control it, but to some extent it could doubtless be controlled by 
the burning of the strips of grassland adjacent to fences, and especially 
in the South this should serve as a considerable relief from its attacks 
on winter wheat. 
The Geminate Leafhopper. 
(Thamnotettix geminatus Van D.) 
The geminate leafhopper (Thamnotettix geminatus Van D.) has been 
recognized as of wide distribution, but hitherto has not figured in 
economic literature. It appears, however, that it must be taken into 
account hereafter 
since it has oc- 
curred in such 
numbers upon 
clover, alfalfa, and 
timothy in the 
State of Washing- 
ton, especially at 
Pullman, as to 
threaten to be- 
come destructive. 
It was first de- 
scribed from Cali- 
fornia and later 
recorded for Colo- 
rado (Dolores, C. P. Gillette), both these localities being cited by 
Van Duzee in his catalogue. 
Under the name Cicadula Iseta it was recorded from Alaska and 
Shumagin and Popoff Islands by Ashmead in his report on the Homop- 
tera of the Harriman expedition of 1898. Specimens under this same 
name also are in the National Museum from Ungava Bay, Territory 
of Ungava. The species is therefore of wide range and should it 
readily adapt itself to cultivated crops might easily become a serious 
pest. So far, and except for the California localities, it appears to 
have been restricted to the northern regions or to higher altitudes of 
the plateau region. 
It is of a clear greenish-yellow color, the head having a pair of con- 
spicuous black spots on the anterior border, another each side next 
the eye, and a conspicuous arched band near the front border of the 
pronotum. (See fig. 26.) The length is from 5 to 6 mm. The fife 
history has not been traced. 
The native food plant ol the species is not known to me, but from 
its apparently ready adaptation to clover and alfalfa one would sus- 
Fig. 26. — The geminate leaf hopper ( Thamnotettix geminatus): a, Adult; b, 
vertex and pronotum of male; c, face; d, female genitalia; e, male geni- 
talia; /, elytron. All enlarged. (Original.) 
