SCIENTIFIC SUMMARY. 
89 
vertebra, and beyond this come about twenty-one caudals, also bearing ribs. 
Four other species of Branchiosaurus are described. 
Sparodus, of which two species (S. validus and crassidens ) are noticed, is 
nearly allied to the genera Hylerpeton and Batrachiderpeton. The skull is more 
wedge-shaped than in Branchiosaurus ; the vomer and the palatine bones 
bear numerous teeth. The genus Hyhnomus is recognized from small 
portions of jaws, believed to indicate two species ; and allied to this genus is 
a new one, which the author names Daivsonia, after the distinguished 
Canadian geologist and palaeontologist who established the former genus . — 
Geological Magazine , November, 1879. 
Concretions and Inclusions in Granite . — Mr. J. A. Phillips has com- 
municated to the Geological Society (November 19, 1879) the results of his 
investigations of the discordant patches often met with in granites. These 
patches are sometimes angular, sometimes rounded, sometimes clearly defined, 
at others gradually melting away into the surrounding mass, but generally 
finer in texture than the latter. The chemical and microscopic examination 
of such patches in the granites of Cornwall, Shap Fell, Aberdeen, Peterhead, 
Fort William, and North-eastern Ireland, has led Mr. Phillips to distinguish 
two classes of these inclusions, namely: — 1. Concretionary patches, the result 
of the abnormal aggregation of the minerals constituting the granite itself, 
generally containing more plagioclastic felspar, mica, or hornblende than the 
latter, and in all probability formed contemporaneously with the solidifi- 
cation of the mass ; and 2. Included fragments of schistose or slaty rocks, 
often not very highly altered, caught up from the rock-masses through 
which the granite has forced its way. In the discussion which ensued upon 
the reading of Mr. Phillips’ paper, Mr. G. W. Ormerod stated that the con- 
cretionary patches were to be seen on the eastern side of Dartmoor, where 
they are generally of an oval form and are called ‘ mares’ eggs and 
Professor Ramsay remarked that fine examples of them are visible on the 
steps of the Duke of Y ork’s Column. 
British Secondary Comatulce . — Mr. P. Herbert Carpenter has described 
before the Geological Society (3rd December, 1879) seven new Comatulidse 
from the Cretaceous and Oolitic series of Southern England, and given some 
new facts respecting Glenotremites paradoxus of Goldfuss from the Upper 
Chalk. This species is remarkable for the presence of certain characters which 
are very conspicuous in the recent Antedon JEschrichtii, and also in a new species 
dredged by the Challenger at Heard Island, in the South Atlantic, namely, 
the presence of strong ribs on the inner wall of the centrodorsal, five of 
which, interradial in position, are much more prominent than the rest. So 
far as is yet known, these features occur in no other recenl Comatula, with 
the exception of one species from the South Pacific, in which there is a faint 
indication of such ribs ; but they are all equal. Another Antedon species is 
described from the Chalk of Sussex. It differs from Antedon paradoxus in 
tie absence of these ribs, and in the shallowness of the centrodorsal cavity. 
Two species were described from the Gault of Folkestone. One is an 
Antedon, with no special relations to any recent forms. It might have lived 
as well at 20 as at 500 fathoms. But the other species is an Actinometra, 
possessing certain characters only known to occur in species from quite shal- 
low water, 20 fathoms or less, in the Philippine Islands and Malay Archi- 
