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two halves may be repeated almost indefinitely in tbe absence 
of a nucleus. 
Were proof needed of tbe difficulty sometimes experienced 
in detecting tbe nuclear body, it is to be found in tbe fact that 
Gromia , one of tbe most highly developed Rhizopoda, was 
classed not only icith tbe Foraminifera in tbe lowest order of 
these organisms until the year 1864, when they were shown by 
me to be furnished with both a definite, encapsuled nucleus, 
and a contractile vesicle, but was retained as tbe type of Fora- 
miniferal structure in almost every text-book on tbe Protozoa. 
I may be allowed to say, in conclusion, that I do ‘not pretend 
to be able to determine* tbe exact position and relations of tbe 
structures described as Monera. In order to do this it would 
be requisite to examine living and authenticated specimens. 
But I am much mistaken if any such determination is needed 
to demonstrate that tbe Monera do not exist in nature as a 
group of organisms bolding an intermediate position between 
true animals and true plants, as laid down by their describer. 
They must, accordingly, be henceforth relegated to that limbo 
of departed spirits to which their illustrious congener, Bathy- 
bius, has already preceded them— unless, indeed, we are to 
accept another of the extraordinary conclusions arrived at by 
Professor Haeckel in relation to tbe Monera, viz., that * tbe 
conception of an independent soul-life to every individual organic 
cell is a validly proved conception , by the study of Infusoria , 
Amcebce, and other one-celled organisms ; for in these individual 
isolated living cells , we find the same manifestations of soul, life , 
feelings, and ideas {mental images), will, and motion, as in the 
higher animals compounded of many cells? {Freedom of Science and 
Teaching, p. 47.) 
EXPLANATION OF PLATE IV. 
The ichole of these figures are, as nearly as possible, facsimiles 
of HceckeVs originals. 
Fig. 1. Protamceba primitiva, a typical freshwater Moneron, in the free 
Amoeboid condition. 
Fig. 2. The same beginning to divide. It will be seen that the central clear 
space visible in fig. 1, has already divided, and is visible both at 
a and b. 
Fig. 3. The same, division being complete ; and the two separate individuals 
each presenting a central clear space. 
Fig. 4. Protomyxa aurantiaca, another typical Moneron. ‘A full-grown speci- 
men ’ said to be ‘ fasting.’ 
Fig. 5 . The same ‘encysted.’ 
Fig. 6. The same, more developed. ‘ The homogeneous protoplasm has 
