18 
POPULAK SCIENCE EEVIEW. 
smaller size, Cytherina Bccltica, exists in the transitional moun- 
tain ranges of Gothland.* * * § From this and other similar cases 
it is suggested that at great depths gigantic forms of ge- 
nera and families have been preserved which never attain such a 
size at the surface and in shallow waters.f 
At Marion Island a halt was made, and Mr. Moseley had a 
day at his disposal for collecting plants. The flora was found 
to be very similar to that of Kerguelen’s Island, but was poorer 
in species.J Ko landing was made at the Crozets. On Jan. 7, 
1874, the Challenger arrived at Kerguelen’s Island, and re- 
mained in the neighbourhood till Feb. 1. Here only two plants 
were found new to the flora, viz. a Cerastium and an Uncinia. 
Large collections were made of the famed Kerguelen’s Land 
cabbage ( Pringlea antiscorbutica , Hooker), and of Lyallia 
Kerguelensis,§ From observations on Kerguelen’s Island and 
elsewhere it is concluded that the higher forms of Crustacea are 
almost entirely absent on the shores of the Antarctic islands, 
while in deep water here (as has been already witnessed at 300 
fathoms) they are present in almost the same abundance as in 
the tropics. It is also concluded that the characteristic Crustacea 
of the surface-water fauna of the Antarctic islands belong to the 
Isopocla and Amphipoda ; that is, to forms which carry the ova 
in pouches up to their full period of development. As the Echi- 
nodermata, too, show, as has been observed by Professor Wyville 
Thomson, an unusual number of species in which the young de- 
velope direct in the maternal pouch, conditions must exist which 
* Second letter from Dr. Suhm to Professor Siebold, dated Sydney, April 
1874. “ Siebold and Kolliker’s Zeitschr.” Bd. xxiv. 
t For instance, the President of the Linnsean Society received from 
Professor Wyville Thomson a drawing of a specimen of a Gymnoblastic 
Hydroid 11 of such colossal dimensions that the largest form hitherto known 
sinks in comparison with it into utter insignificance.” It was brought up 
by the trawl on June 17, 1875, in the North Pacific, from a depth of 2,875 
fathoms. The 11 Hydranth ” was 9 inches across from tip to tip of the ex- 
panded (non-retractile) tentacles, and the u Hydrocaulus ” was 7 ft. 9 in. 
high ! “ That the enormous depths,” remarks Mr. Allman, “ from which 
this colossal Hydroid has been brought up should favour the development 
of gigantic representatives of the diminutive forms of shallower zones, and 
that in the tenants of these sunless regions of the sea we should find colours 
not less vivid than those of their light-loving relatives, are facts full of 
significance.” See “ Nature,” vol. xii. p. 555. 
% 11 Journ. Linn. Soc. Botany,” vol. xlv. p. 387. 
§ The fauna and flora of this island have also been described lately by the 
naturalist attached to the Venus Transit Expedition. See “First Report of 
the Naturalist attached to the Transit of Venus Expedition to Kerguelen’s 
Island, Dec. 1874,” by the Rev. A. E. Eaton. “ Proc. Royal Soc.” vol. 
xxiii. p. 351. 
