24 
POPULAR SCIENCE REVIEW. 
On March 3 the ship arrived at Admiralty Island, and a bay 
on the north-west coast was carefully surveyed, and called Nares’ 
Bay, after the late captain. The natives seemed to be superior 
in every respect to those of Humboldt Bay, and traded with 
great eagerness. 
On March 23, nearly midway between the most south- 
ward of the Ladrones and the north-easternmost of the Pellew 
group, in lat. 11°23 / N. and long. 143°17' E., the two deepest 
soundings on record were made, being 4,575 and 4,475 
fathoms, the bottom being red clay. The pressure, how- 
ever, was so great, being five or six tons to the square 
inch, that three out of four Miller-Casella thermometers suc- 
cumbed. One, however, fortunately returned in safety, register- 
ing a temperature (corrected for pressure) of 34°5, so that at 
that spot there is a layer of water of that uniform temperature 
for 3,075 fathoms. As a proof how perpendicular the sinkers 
descended, particles of the mercury from the broken thermo- 
meters were found embedded in the red clay brought up on the 
tube. A somewhat deeper sounding, viz. of 4,643 and 4,655 
fathoms, is said to have been obtained by the United States ves- 
sel Tuscarora off the east coast of Japan, but the corroborative 
evidence of a bottom specimen was not obtained. On April 
11 the expedition reached Yokohama. On June 16 the 
Challenger left Yokohama, and, after having worked out twenty- 
four stations in an easterly direction, took a southward 
course, and reached Honolulu, in the Sandwich group, on July 
27. From June 17 up to July 24 the ship was followed by 
albatrosses, varying in number from fourteen to twenty daily. 
On July 2 a new species of Hyalonema came up in the trawl, 
which was remarkable for the absence of the zoophyte Palythoa , 
which usually lives as a “commensal” in company with this 
kind of sponge. The bottom throughout this portion of the 
cruise consisted of “red clay.” On the evening of July 27 
the Challenger anchored in the harbour of Honolulu. 
On the voyage from Hawaii (where the Challenger was in 
August) to Tahiti, the scientific staff of the ship sustained a 
most severe loss in the death, on Sept. 13, from erysipelas, of 
Dr. von Willemoes-Suhm. Of him Professor Wyville Thomson 
says that he was “perfectly certain, had he lived, to have 
achieved a distinguished position in his profession, and I look 
upon his untimely death as a serious loss, not only to the expe- 
dition in which he took so important a part, but also to the 
younger generation of scientific men, among whom he was 
steadily preparing himself to become a leader.” * 
The last news received from the Challenger is to the effect 
that the ship had safely arrived on Nov. 19 at Valparaiso. 
* “Nature,” Dec. 2, 1875. 
