312 
TOPULAR SCIENCE REVIEW. 
King’s College exhibited good collections of models illustrative of the prin- 
ciples of mechanics, and some equally good models come from Germany. 
Among the specimens of naval architecture are models of the Faraday , the 
Staunch gunboat, and the Castalia ; and beyond these, in the passage leading 
to the western courts, will be found an interesting collection, exhibited by 
the Trinity House, under the sub-head “ Lighthouses and Fog-signals.” In 
Section 9, “ Magnetism,” are some of the apparatus used by Farada}', and 
the loadstone from which he first obtained the induction spark ; apparatus 
used by De la Rive ; the greatest natural magnet known ; self-registering 
instruments from Kew, and instruments exhibited by the Admiralty, among 
which are patterns of those issued to the Arctic Expedition. In Section 10, 
“Electricity,” the special collection sent by the Postmaster-General to 
illustrate the history of electric telegraphy will attract attention, and so 
will the original apparatus used by Faraday and by De la Rive. Other 
objects of interest are Nairne’s early electrical machine ; Armstrong’s hydro- 
electric machine ; Gramme’s magno- electric machine ; Cooke and Wheat- 
stone’s first working telegraph ; the instruments used in the Atlantic Cable 
Expeditions of 1853 and 1866 ; the original Wheatstone Bridge ; copies of 
the first German telegraphic apparatus constructed in 1809, of the first 
needle telegraph, and of the electro-magnetic telegraph apparatus of Gauss 
and Weber of Gottingen, made and used from 1833 to 1838; and a polar- 
light apparatus by Professor Lemstron. 
Under Section 1, “Arithmetic,” will be found an old calculating-machine 
invented by S. Morland, and made in 1664 ; two machines designed by Lord 
Mahon, and made in 1775-77 ; the portion of Babbage’s calculating machine 
put together in 1833; the “ Napier Bones,” made about 1700, and used by 
the originator of logarithms for performing division and multiplication; 
Sir William Thomson’s tide-calculating machine ; and several calculating- 
circles from Germany. In Section 2, “ Geometry,” there are many good 
drawing-instruments and models; and in Section 3, “Measurement,” an 
interesting collection of standard measuring-apparatus, contributed by 
the Standards Department of the Board of Trade. In the latter sec- 
tion are also Whitworth’s delicate measuring-instruments, by which dif- 
ferences of one ten-thousandth and even of one-millionth of an inch 
can be appreciated, and his new hexagonal surface plates; here, too, 
are Joule’s apparatus ; contributions from the Geneva Association for Con- 
structing Scientific Instruments ; Bo ulenge’s electric chronograph ; Bash- 
forth’s clock-chronograph ; and, among the instruments for measuring time, 
a watch which was twice carried out by Captain Cook, and again by Cap- 
tain Bligh in the Bounty , on which occasion he accompanied the mutineers 
to Pitcairn’s Island, and finally, after many vicissitudes, returned to Eng- 
land in 1843. In Section 4, “ Kinematics, Statics, and Dynamics,” is a 
collection of Gravesande’s apparatus, and a series of Kinematic models 
exhibited by the K. Gewerbe-Akademie, Berlin. In the northern portion of 
the west gallery the classification of the catalogue has hardly been fol- 
lowed, and the objects exhibited are grouped more with reference to the 
purpose for which they are employed : thus astronomical instruments, mete- 
orological instruments, land survey instruments, mining survey instruments, 
naval survey instruments, and apparatus used in deep-sea exploration, each 
