438 
POPULAR SCIENCE REYIEW. 
His feline companions arrived at Liege somewhat later, but it is understood 
that within twenty-four hours every one had reached his home. It is pro- 
posed to establish, at an early day, a regular system of cat communication 
between Liege and the neighbouring villages. 
A Cosmopolitan Butterfly. — Mr. S. Scudder gives the following sketch of 
the distribution of Vanessa cardui in the “American Naturalist” for July: — 
u There is but one butterfly whose range is so extended as to merit the name 
of cosmopolitan ; it is the Painted Lady, or Vanessa cardui. With the 
exception of the Arctic regions and South America, it is distributed over the 
entire extent of every continent. Australia and New Zealand produce a race 
peculiar to themselves, while the other large islands south of Asia possess 
the normal type, which is also found upon small islands lying off the western 
borders of the Old World, the Azores, Canaries, Madeira, and St. Helena. 
On the other hand, it has not been discovered upon the small islands off the 
American coast, such as Guadaloupe, the Eevillagegidos, and Galapagos on 
the western side, or the Bahamas and Bermudas on the eastern ; neither 
does it occur in any of the Antilles, excepting Cuba, and there but rarely. 
It is reported, however, from islands lying in the middle of the Pacific 
Ocean, such as the Hawaiian group and Tahiti, but its actual occurrence 
there is at least doubtful. On the American continent, its southern bound- 
aries will probably be found in Venezuela, New Granada, and Ecuador, but 
it is abundant even as far south as the highlands of Guatemala, and thence 
stretches northward over the entire breadth of the continent to the Arctic 
regions ; on the eastern coast it has been found as far as Labrador, and on 
the west to the eastern shores of Behring’s Straits. In the heart of the 
continent I have taken it upon the Saskatchewan, and Doubleday reports it 
from Martin’s Falls; but Mr. W. H. Edwards does not recollect seeing it 
in the few collections he has examined from points farther north. A s we 
see it flourishing in the colder regions of Europe and North America, so 
also is it found on all mountain heights ; and Mr. H. W. Bates, writing of 
the whole genus, distinctly says it is 1 found only in elevated places in the 
neighbourhood of the Equator.’ The stations in Southern Asia from which 
V. cardui has been reported — Cashmere, Nepaul, Bootan, and Sikkim — all 
lie on the flanks of the Himalayas, and the Nilgherry Hills are the highest 
elevations of the Indian peninsula. In the Alps of Europe this insect flies 
to the snow level ; but in North America, although it may be regarded as 
one of the commonest butterflies in the elevated central district, it is most 
abundant at a level of 7,000 or 8,000 feet. Lieut. W. L. Carpenter and others 
have never found it above the timber line; but Dr. A. S. Packard, jun., 
has taken it on Arapahoe Peak between 11,000 and 12,000 feet, and on. 
Pike’s Peak from 8,000 to within 500 or 1,000 feet from the summit.” 
