46 
11. What are the characteristics of Wolfram, and what the 
uses to which it has been applied ? 
12. How may you readily distinguish from one another by 
inspection the minerals Copper-glance, Galena, Antimonite, 
Molybdenite and Graphite ? 
13. State the character, by formulae or description, of six crystal 
models, and refer each to the mineral species which it may represent. 
Waringtox W. Smyth. 
EXAMINATION IN METALLURGY. 
June 8th , 1861. 
1. What are the maximum theoretical temperatures produced by 
the perfect combustion of carbon and hydrogen respectively, as 
well by atmospheric air as by pure oxygen ? 
2. Describe the principles on which the various kinds of coke 
ovens are constructed. 
3. Of what material are Dinas fire-bricks made, and in what 
parts of furnaces is it desirable to employ them ? 
4. Describe succinctly the method of copper smelting as 
practised at Swansea, and the theory of the process. 
5. Describe the apparatus and furnace employed in the ex- 
traction of zinc by the Belgian method. 
6. Explain the reduction of Galena in smelting in the reverbe- 
ratory furnace. 
7. How may lead and copper be desilverized ? 
8. By what methods are gold and silver separated on the large 
scale ? 
9. Explain the principles on which Ziervogels method of ex- 
tracting silver is founded. 
10. What are the chief properties and uses of nickel ? 
11. Describe the refining of tin, and state the nature and 
qualitative composition of the products obtained. 
1 2. State the so-called foreign ingredients which may be ex- 
pected to occur in various kinds of pig iron. 
13. On what principles are the various methods of converting 
pig iron into bar iron founded ? 
14. Describe succinctly the various modes of preparing steel, 
and especially the principles on which they are founded. 
15. Name the specimens upon the Table No. 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 ? 8, 9, 
respectively. They were Clay, Iron Ore, Earthy Calamine, Blue 
Metal, Lead Slag from Ore earth, Nickel, Red Haematite, Magnetic 
iron ore, Speigeleisen, and Cleveland iron ore.) 
J ohn Percy. 
