43 
5. Describe the simple calculating machine for performing 
addition. 
6. Explain the construction of a rope, and show how the fibres 
are made to retain their twist. 
7. State the three laws of sliding* friction. 
o 
8. Explain the varied motion of the punch in the machine 
used for punching boiler plates, and show how this motion is 
produced by a cam. 
9. Show how the peculiar form of a steam engine, which is 
known as the oscillating engine, enables the cylinder to be 
brought nearer to the crank shaft. 
10. Define the dead point in link work. 
11. A flat endless belt connects two pullies upon parallel 
shafts. If one of these pullies be conical, the belt will always 
travel to the base of the cone. Explain this fact, and show how 
it is employed to give a form to the pullies that will prevent the 
belt from slipping off. 
12. How is a belt arranged so as to connect two pullies, the 
direction of whose axes are neither parallel nor meeting ? 
13. Describe a common grinding machine moved by the foot, 
so as to show how it illustrates the general principles of me- 
chanism. 
] 4. Give a concise explanation of the different modes of ap- 
plying the properties of steam, from which the various engines 
derive the respective names of atmospheric, high pressure, con- 
densing and expansion engines. 
Robert Willis. 
EXAMINATION IN GEOLOGY. 
1. How is it proved that the great volcanic areas of the world 
are generally areas of elevation ? 
2. Explain the theory of the formation of Coral reefs, and its 
connection with areas of depression and elevation. 
3. What are the phenomena from which we infer the existence 
of central heat ? and explain the chemical theory of volcanoes. 
4. Describe two processes by which salt-lakes may be now 
forming, or have been produced in former times. The bearing of 
these on deposits of salt. 
5. Explain the doctrines of super-position of strata., and of suc- 
cession of life in time. 
