KEYIEWS. 
81 
intended for junior students, and to such we commend its perusal. But we 
must say that it is in very few respects superior to Carpenter’s well-known 
volume, while it is decidedly inferior in many points. 
ELEMENTARY GEOLOGY.* 
A ssuredly we are not hadly provided with geologic manuals, for 
there have appeared several within the past few years. Yet we do 
not think that any has been written, addressed exclusively to pupils in 
schools, and yet sufficiently modern and adequately illustrated, until Mr. 
Ward issued the present modest little manual. We have looked over it 
carefully, and we may say we approve of it very highly ; indeed if it were not 
for the poetry, which the author should have confined to the Keswick 
Literary Society, before which the substance of the work was originally 
delivered, we should be almost perfectly satisfied with Mr. Ward’s labours. 
For it must be admitted that the method of laying a subject before an 
audience of -grown people must be essentially different from that adopted in 
the teaching of young boys and girls. It is, of course, most general and 
rudimentary, as such a work should be ; at the same time it is clear, and 
contains some features worthy of note. Among them we may mention an 
account of the method of laying down a geologic map of a part of country 
which has just been explored. This is illustrated by a capital full-page 
illustration, which shows very clearly the mode pointed out by the author. 
Appended to the volume is the well-known Geologic Dream on Skiddaw,” 
which the author published in 1859, of which we at the time received a 
copy. It gives a very good popular summary of the condition through 
which this country has passed during the several geologic periods, which 
are mapped out in fifteen small illustrations of the country in its several 
phases. The book is one we have pleasure in commending to the notice 
of schoolmasters j it is carefully and abundantly illustrated. 
i A THEORY OF GALVANISM.f 
I “ Heat is considered no longer exclusively a theory of thermometers and 
pyrometers, but as a great power in chemistry. Heat is held the funda- 
j mental cause of most of the beautiful, complex, and enigmatical phenomena 
* of chemistry. Heat is considered to be as closely akin to electricity as is in- 
! fancy to manhood, and thus to be all-worthy of scientific apotheosis.” With 
these words the author introduces us to his volume, which, ve regret to 
* Elementary Geology Specially Adapted for the Use of Schools and 
I Junior Students.” By J. Clifton Ward, F.G.S., of H.M. Geological 
Survey. London : Triibner, 1872. 
t “ The Electro-Thermology of Chemistry, Electricity, and Heat, Phases of 
the same Principle.” By T. W. Hall, M.D,, L.R.C.S.E. Edinburgh: Ed- 
monston & Douglas. 1872. 
TOL. XII. — XO. XLVI. G 
