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POPULAR SCIENCE REVIEW. 
there remains doubtless a rich harvest for future collectors. Then follow 
the list, which we must refer our readers to. 
Is Bipalimn allied to the Leeches ? — Mr. H. N. Moseley, M.A., who has 
described the anatomy of this creature in the Proceedings of the Royal 
Society ” [Feb. 20], states that in considering the general anatomy of 
Bipalium, it is impossible to help being struck by the many points of re- 
semblance between this animal and a leech. Mr. Herbert Spencer has, in 
his Principles of Biology,” placed a gulf between Planarians and leeches, 
by denoting the former as secondary, the latter as tertiary aggregates, so 
called because consisting of a series of secondary aggregates formed one 
behind the other by a process of budding. It is obvious, however, that a 
single leech is directly comparable to a single Bipalium. The successive 
pairs of testes, the position of the intromittent generative organs, the septa 
of the digestive tract, and most of all, the pair of posterior cceca, are evi- 
dently homologous in the two animals. Further, were leeches really ter- 
tiary aggregates, the fact would surely come out in their development, or 
at least some indication of the mode of their genesis would survive in the 
development of some annelid. Such, however, is not the case. The young 
worm or leech is at first unsegmented, like a Planarian, and the traces of 
segmentation appear subsequently in it, just as do the protovertebrae in 
vertebrates, which Mr. Spencer calls secondary aggregates. If Mr. Spencer’s 
hypothesis was correct, we should expect to find at least some Annelid 
developing its segments in the egg as a series of buds. It is not, of course, 
here meant to be concluded that Annelids are not sometimes in a condition 
of tertiary aggregation, as Nais certainly is when in a budding condition, 
but that ordinarily they are secondary and not tertiary aggregates, and if so, 
then so also are Arthropoda. 
A Medal to Mr. Carter. — A Royal Medal has been awarded to Mr. 
Henry John Carter, F.R.S., for his researches in Palaeontology and Zoology, 
on the Infusoria and Rhizopoda, and the root-cell of the Chara ; but 
more particularly for his inquiries into the Natural History of the 
Spongiadae. 
Zoological Society’s Papers on Comparative Anatomy . — Besides the many 
very valuable papers which have been published during the past quarter on 
purely zoological subjects, some admirable communications have been made 
on questions of Comparative Anatomy. Foremost among these was Mr. 
Kitchen Parker s (F.R.S.) able communication on the osteology of certain 
orders of birds, and also two papers by Mr. A. H. Garrod, the able anatomist 
of the Society. One of these (Jan. 7th) was on a peculiarity in the ter- 
mination of the anterior margin of the nasal bones of certain birds, accord- 
ing to which the Schizognathae of Prof. Huxley might be divided into two 
groups, to be called Schizorhinm and Holorhinae ; and the other (Jan. 2Ist) 
was upon the visceral anatomy of the Sumatran Rhinoceros {Ceratorhinus 
Sumatrensis) based on a specimen of this species lately living in the Society’s 
Gardens. 
