NEW ELECTRIC LIGHT IN WESTMINSTER CLOCK TOWER. 27^ 
Gramme Machine — continued. 
Total deposit 
Time 
Surface of anode 
Deposit per hour 
Remarks 
oz. 
h. 
min. 
sq. ft. 
oz. 
rev. 
21409 
7 
50 
57-62 
27-44 
69-30 
2 
50 
38-41 
24-74 
300 
69-47 
2 
45 
38-41 
25-27 
70-49 
2 
45 
38-41 
25-62 
300 
54-50 
2 
35 
28-81 
21-10 
9 
55-75 
2 
45 
28-81 
20-33 
10 
53-90 
2 
40 
28-81 
20-23 
Wilde’s Machine. 
1 
51*83 
3 
30 
28-80 
14-80 
2,400 
2 
40-04 
2 
30 
28-80 
16-00 
t 
3 
51-83 
3 
5 
28-80 
16-80 
4 
59-11 
3 
35 
28-80 
16-52 
yy 
It may be worth noting that the minimum time in the first 
table is 2 h. 35 m., and the maximum in the second 3 h. 35 m. 
Now by referring to the fifth column, we see that the G-ramme 
deposited 21*10 oz., and the Wilde 16*52. The last column 
shows in the one case a speed of 300 revolutions per minute, 
and in the other 2,400. The times are as 1 to 1*425, the 
velocities as 1 to 8, and the decomposed electrolytes as 1 to 
*782. Kemembering that the advantage is inversely as the 
time and velocity and directly as the deposits, we find in this 
particular case a resultant ratio of 11 to 1. By analysing the 
other data in a similar manner, we obtain a ratio of about 8 to 
1 in favour of the Gramme. 
But little attention has been as yet devoted to other electro- 
chemical problems, and we are not sure that such a trial would 
not lead to satisfactory results. We are glad to know that a 
large machine is now constructing by Messrs. Whieldon and 
Cooke, with which M. Werdermann intends to approach the 
subject. Among other things, he proposes, 1st, to purify iron by 
passing off the phosphorus and sulphur into the slag ; 2ndly, to 
obtain aluminium from the double chloride of aluminium and so- 
dium ; 3rdly, to deposit copper directly on iron in the ‘‘dry way 
4thly, to convert by a direct process chloride of sodium, or com- 
mon salt, into caustic soda. If he succeed in his undertaking, as 
we sincerely hope he will, a considerable reduction must take 
place in the market price of some of our metals. 
There is yet another department to which this invention may 
be usefully applied, viz. the illumination of lighthouses. The 
machines used for that purpose are those made in France by 
the Alliance Company, and in England by Professor Holmes. 
This beautiful piece of science and skill is, however, inferior in 
several respects to the Gramme. It takes up nearly four times 
VOL. XII. — NO. XLVIII. T 
