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POPULAR SCIENCE REVIEW. 
fertilized” appeared first. If we could get specimens of the 
entire plants, and were not forced often to depend on leaves 
alone for the identification of genera, there can be little doubt 
we should find the earliest dicotyledonous plants to belong to 
much more generalized types than any now existing. Such is the 
opinion of Baron von Ettingshausen, who has studied and com- 
pared the cretaceous and tertiary floras of the world. 
The order of floral occurrence therefore is 1st, 66 wind-ferti- 
lized ” or anemophilous Monocotyledons, such as grasses, sedges, 
rushes, &c. — gay-flowered or perianthed Monocotyledons not 
appearing for certain until the Miocene period ; 2nd, Dicoty- 
Fig. 3. 
populus PATiOR, upper miocene, (ENiNGEN. From a specimen in the Ipswich 
Museum. 
ledons belonging to the “ wind-fertilized ” division, and bearing 
inconspicuous flowers or catkins ; 3rd, Dicotyledons with true 
flowers, but having the flowers composed of several pieces or 
petals (polypetalous ) ; and 4th, Dicotyledons in which the petals 
are united, so that the flower or corolla is in one piece (< gamo - 
petalous). Of the Gamopetalce , the irregular flowers, such as 
those of Labiatce,Scrophulariacece, &c.,were developed later still. 
The showy irregular perianthed flowers, such as Orchids, also 
