SCIENTIFIC SUMMARY. 
223 
the existence of the same entozoon in the sexually mature state. This worm 
was first described by Dr. Cobbold in the u Lancet ” for October 6, 18 77, 
and named after its discoverer. As regards the immature worm many similar 
finds were at different times made in various countries, by Drs. Salisbury, 
Sonsino, Crevaux and Corre, Foncervine, O’Neill, Silva Araujo, Da Silva 
Lima, F. dos Santos, and others ; moreover, Dr. Lewis himself, only a few 
months later than Bancroft, verified the fact of the occurrence of the mature 
worm in the human body. Drs. Araujo and dos Santos have also found the 
full-grown worm. If the early announcements were received with incredulity, 
there does not seem much room left for doubt now. On March 7 Dr. Man- 
son’s investigations were brought before the Linnean Society with ample 
illustration and considerable minuteness of detail. From the remarks made 
after the reading of Manson’s paper, followed as it was by a lengthened 
memoir on the part of Dr. Oobbold, reviewing the whole of the known facts 
as recorded by himself and some twenty other different observers, there 
seemed to be no escape from the conclusion that mosquitoes were true inter- 
mediate hosts, whose express duty it was to carry or nurse (as Manson says) 
the larvae of the human nematode called Filaria Bancrofti. Further, it 
appeared that this entozoon was not only associated with, but the actual 
cause of several endemic affections, such as chyluria, hematuria, lymphoid 
diseases, elephantiasis, varix, and so forth. Professor Allen Thomson 
thought that the authors had fairly proved their case ; and Sir Joseph 
Fayrer stated that he regarded the subject as one of unparalleled interest. 
In the course of the discussion Mr. McLachlan suggested the possible 
influence of fishes as intermediary bearers, whilst Mr. Curling-, Dr. Colling- 
wood and others testified from personal knowledge as to the conscientious 
character of Dr. Man son’s work. 
Hungarian Saltwater Bhizopods. — The third part of the Hungarian 
u Naturhistorishe Hefte,” for 1877, contains an interesting paper by Dr. Geza 
Entz, on the Bhizopoda obtained from a pool of salt water at Szamosfalva, 
near Klausenberg. The species obtained, which are fully described and 
figured, are : — Pleurophrys helix , sp. n., Plectrophrys prolifera g. et sp. n. 
(allied to Plagiophrys, Pleurophrys and Chlamydophrys ), Euglypha pusilla 
sp. n., Microcometes tristrypetus sp. n., Orhulinella smaragdea, g. et sp. n., 
Ciliophrys infusionum, Cienk., six species of Amceba ( guttula , Umax, princeps , 
diffluens and radiosd), and Podostoma Jiligerum Clap, and Lachm. Thus out 
of twelve species, five are described as new, and all of these are enclosed in 
capsules. From a previous investigation of the Infusoria of the salt ponds 
of Torda and Szamosfalva, the author arrived at the conclusion that while a 
portion of them had previously only been found in the sea, the greater part 
occurred both in salt and fresh water, but only a fourth part of the Infusoria 
obtained belonged to forms previously known only from the latter. With 
regard to the Bhizopods, the greater number are forms which are very 
abundant in fresh water, but are probably to be referred to the category of 
organisms common to both fresh and salt water ; of the species peculiar to 
the salt pool, the closest allies of two ( Euglypha pusilla and Microcometes 
tnstrypetus) have hitherto only been found in fresh water, whilst the nearest 
relative of anbther ( Pleurophrys helix ) lives in sea water. Of the two new 
genera, one ( Orhulinella ) is related to the perforated marine Foraminifera, 
