ON NAME AND KACE IN ENGLAND. 
51 
From the time named, the year 1000, the practice has con- 
tinued, and has extended so greatly that at this time there are 
probably 35,000 surnames. In the sixteenth Annual Beport of 
the Begistrar-General (1856) thirty-two thousand eight hundred 
and eighteen different surnames were recorded, and the list has 
increased since that time. 
I turn again to the “ Patronymica Britannica ” for a sum- 
mary of facts, in the addendum of that work, bearing upon 
things, circumstances, or qualities from which surnames are 
derived. Camden had already, in his time, discovered a con- 
siderable number of origins, although his list does not approach 
the modern one to which I am about to refer. This modem 
list, extracted from the documents in the office of the Begistrar- 
Greneral, and compiled by a gentleman once in that office, is, 
Mr. Lower states, authentic in every particular. It places 
names, in relation to their origins, under the following heads : — 
1. Names from words relating to religion: as Church, Font, 
Priest, Prophet, Dean, Parson, Minister, Tomb, Heaven, Hell, 
Sermon, Crucifix, Grave, Sexton, Clerk, Beadle, Verger, Crozier, 
Paternoster, Surplice. 2. From words relating to the mineral 
Jdngdom : such as Gem, Jewel, Stone, Gold, Silver, Steel, Dia- 
mond, Buby, Glass, Flint, Chalk, Salt, Carbon, Clay, Slate, 
Buddie. 3. From words relating to the vegetable kingdom : 
such as Tree, Ash, Birch, Cork, Date, Holly, Lemon, Oak, Pine, 
Boot, Leaf, Bark, Clover, Hay, Cotton, Briars, Cane, Heath, 
Hazel, Garland, Poppy, Violet, Pink. 4. From ivords relating 
to buildings , their parts , &c. : such as Scaffold, Trussel, Smithy, 
Lodge, Barn, Mill, Castle, Barrack, Bastion, Mole, Temple, 
Pillar, Tunnel, Well, Pantry, Dairy, Kitchen, Chambers, Boof, 
Bafter, Larder, Window, Oven, Tile. 5. From words relating 
to war and its concomitants : such as Warrior, Sword, Dagger, 
Gun, Cannon, Guard, Staff, Corps, Bank, Shield, Banner, 
Archer, Bow, Arrow, Camp, Conquest. 6. From words relate 
ing to moods and temperaments : such as Eatwell, Cram, Nice, 
Savoury, Joy, Jest, Gay, Merry, Jolly, Witty, Beel, Mock, 
Hunt, Heat, Sport. 7. From words relating to musical in- 
struments : such as Buglehorn, Fiddle, Fife, Horn, Pipe, Tabor, 
Drum, Timbrel, Harp. 8. From words relating to epochs of 
life : such as Birth, Marriage, Wedlock. 9. From words relat- 
ing to shapes : such as Square, Bound, Cone, Globe, Angle, 
Circus, and Circuit. 10. From words relating to books: such as 
Chart, Deed, Beams, Book, Page, Press, Print, Quire, Quill, 
Ledger, Annals, Charter, Letter, Card. 11 . From words re- 
lating to points of the compass : such as East, West, North, 
South, Southern, Western, Bisouth. 12. From words relating 
to implements , tools, or commodities : such as Parcel, Bale, 
Pack, Box, Coop, Tub, Awl, Saw, Nail, Hone, Punch, Candle, 
