REVIEWS. 
419 
in the volume were struck off previous to 1866, so that in consequence they do 
not even represent the present political geography of the respective counties. 
Each of the twenty counties of the State reported upon are treated separately 
and in the same systematic manner, comprising their chief topographical fea- 
tures, scientific geology and economical geology ; under the latter head is in- 
cluded a variety of useful information hearing on agriculture, as to the nature 
of soils, the corn-hearing lands, springs, timber, mill sites, the occurrence of 
building and road materials, and the distribution of the metallic ores and 
other minerals. Saline is mentioned as being one of the finest agricultural 
counties of the State, in having throughout almost its entire area a deep, 
rich, black soil of unsurpassed fertility ; the staple production of the county 
is hemp, which is extensively grown; but all the other crops usually 
cultivated there are also produced in great abundance. A remarkable 
peculiarity of this county, and which has suggested its name, is the very 
large number of springs strongly impregnated with common salt ; and their 
value when more generally appreciated must become an important source of 
wealth, for in no other portion of the State of the same extent, nor, indeed, 
of the West, does there appear to be so large a number of brine-springs. 
Many of them are more or less strongly impregnated with sulphur, and a 
variety of other minerals. The chief geological formations recognised in the 
State of Missouri are the Lower Silurian, with its numerous sub-divisions ; 
the Upper Silurian, Devonian, Lower Carboniferous, Coal-measures, and the 
Quaternary deposits ; the latter include all the deposits beneath the soils 
down to the regular stratified rocks, and are almost universally spread over 
all the counties ; according to their character and origin they have received 
the names of Drift, Bluff formation, Bottom prairie, and Alluvium. The 
coal-measures are not so extensively developed ; they have been observed in 
Warren, Clark, Shelby counties, form one-third of Saline, occupy nearly the 
whole of Randolph, and are the only Palaeozoic rocks seen in Macon county. 
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE TERRITORIES .* 
T HE above reports are entirely out of print, and the popular demand 
for a complete series of the annual reports of the survey of the 
Territories by Dr. Hayden has been so great, that the Secretary of the 
Interior has ordered the printing of a second edition of them in one volume, 
but no alterations or additions have been made to them. The first report 
comprises detailed descriptions of the physical features and geological 
structure of Nebraska, in which the fauna and associated flora of the Cre- 
taceous and Tertiary rocks are noticed and commented upon, from which it 
appears that in America the relation between the Tertiary and Cretaceous 
flora is yet more intimate than in Europe, for the plants of Nebraska present 
* “ First, Second, and Third Annual Reports of the United States’ 
Geological Survey of the Territories for the years 1867-68-69.” Reprinted. 
Washington: 1873. 
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