3. Ruticilla tithys, Scopoli. 
Syn. Sylvia tithys, Scopoli, Ann. i. p. 157. Lath. Inch Ora. ii. 
p. 512; Gen. Hist. vii. p. 23. 
Ruticilla tithys, Brehm, Yoeg. Deutschl. p. 365. Gould, Birds 
of Eur. t. 96. G. R. Gray, Gen. of Birds, i. p. 180, et Cat. Brit. B. 
in B. M. p. 62. Bonap. C. G. Av. p. 296. 
? Motacilla erythacus, Linn. S. N. i. p. 335. 
? Motacilla gihraltariensis , Gmel. S. N. L. i. p. 987. 
? Motacilla atrata, Gmel. S. N. L i. p. 988. Lath. Ind. Orn. ii. 
p. 514 (nee Lath. Gen. Hist.). 
The Black Redstart, Eyton. 
Hah. Europe ; W. Asia ; N. Africa. 
4. Ruticilla nipalensis, Hodgson. 
Syn. Phoenicura nipalensis, v. atrata, Hodgs. Gray’s Zool. Misc. 
(1844) p. 83. 
Sylvia atrata, Lath. Gen. Hist. vii. p. 26 (nec Gmel. et Lath. Ind. 
Orn.). 
Phoenicura atrata, Jard. et Selby, 111. Ind. Ora. t. 86. f. 3. Sykes, 
P. Z. S. (1832) p. 92. Jerd. Madras Journ. x. p. 267. Blyth, 
Journ. A. S. Beng. xi. p. 190. 
Ruticilla atrata, G. R. Gray, Gen. of Birds, i. p. 180, Hodgs. 
Cat. B. of Nep. p. 68. 
Ruticilla indie a , Blyth, Catal. B. Mus. A. S. Beng. p. 168 (1850). 
Bonap. C. G. Av. p. 296. 
Black Indian Redstart , Jard. et Selby. 
Thirt-hira (i. e. Shaker'), Hind., Jerdon. 
Thirthir Kumpa, Plains, Rojde. 
Phirira or Ldlgdrdi, Beng., Dr. F. (Buch.) Hamilton, MS. ii. p. 94. 
Hah. India generally. In Mus. East India Company. 
“This species is very common in most parts of India during the 
cold weather, but more so in the table-land, I think, than in the Car- 
natic. It is solitary, frequenting wooded places, gardens, hedges, old 
walls and out-buildings, being often seen about the roofs of houses. 
It feeds on the ground, on wasps, ants, and various other insects. 
Has a most peculiar quivering motion of its tail, especially after 
feeding.” — Jerdon. 
5. Ruticilla Hodgsoni, nobis. 
Syn. Phoenicura ruticilla, Hodgs. Gray’s Zool. Misc. (1844) p. 82 
(nec Swains.). 
Ruticilla Reevesii, Hodgs. Cat. Birds of Nepal, p. 67 (nec J. E. 
Gray). 
Phoenicura Reevesii, Blyth, Journ. A. S. Beng. xii. p. 963 (nec 
J. E. Gray). 
Ruticilla erythrogastra, Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. A. S. Beng. p. 168 
(nec Guldenst.). 
Tharcapni, Nepal, Hodgson. 
1 1 ah. N opal. In Mus. East India Company. 
