44 
8. VIOLACEiE. 
* Stigma hooked attenuated into a deflexed beak. Fruit- 
stalks prostrate. Summer-1, large and fl. apetalous. 
1. V. ODORATA L. 
Stemless or shortly caulescent ; summer shoots creeping stolo- 
niferous ; 1. all broadly ovate rounded deeply cordate, more or 
less pubescent on both sides, on long deflexedly pubescent stalks ; 
stip. altogether smooth ovate- or oblong-lanceolate acuminate 
ciliato-serrulate or fringed with glands much shorter than the 
breadth of the stip. ; hr. above the middle of the ped. ; sep. 
smooth or pubescent at the edges only, oblong mostly obtuse ; 
spur straight obtuse ; fruitstalks deflexed or prostrate deflexedly 
pubescent ; caps, short globose pubescent. — Desf. ii. 313 ; Brot. 
1. 305; EB. t. 619; DC. i. 296; Sm. E. Fl. i. 301; Presl 132; 
Koch 90 ; Bab. 37. — 
/3. maderensis. Violeta. 
Somewhat more decidedly caulescent or sufFrutescent and pu- 
bescent than the common English pi. ; ped. always deflexedly 
pubescent ; sep. smooth subacute ; fl. paler violet than in the 
E. ph, never white, highly fragrant, the 2 side pet. very slightly 
bearded ; spur mostly very obtuse ; anthesis subperennial, stolons 
flowering together with the mother-pl. — V. odorata Buch 196. 
no. 345; WB. i. 110. V. odorata L. var. Webb in Ann. des 
Sci. xiii. 138, 9. V. maderensis Prim. 36. — Herb. per. Mad. reg. 
2, 3 ; ccc. In woods and shady places above 1000 ft. every- 
where, e.g. the Mount, Camacha, S ta Anna, S. Vicente, & c. 
Oct. -June. — Probably the origin of the “ Perpetual Violet” of 
English gardens. 
** Stigma hooked attenuated into a deflexed beak. Fruit- 
stalks erect, caps, drooping. — Summer-shoots annual not 
rooting or stoloniferous, with shorter-stalked 1., smaller 
stip., and often apetalous fl. 
2. V. 8YLVESTRIS Lam. Round-leaved Dog Violet. 
Nearly or quite smooth shortly caulescent, summer-shoots 
ascending or procumbent ; /. shortly and broadly cordate simply 
acute or pointed, the lower orbicular or reniform and more ob- 
tuse, the upper more ovate or distinctly acute ; stip. of aim. st. 
fimbriate-ciliate narrow attenuato-acuminate, the intermediate 
half as long as the slightly margined petiole, the upper as long 
as or longer than the same ; sep. very narrow attenuato-acu- 
minate; caps, obi on q or elliptic acute apiculate. — Lam. Fl. Fr. ii. 
680; RIB. Cent. L. t. 94. ff. 200, 201; (Vnt. 7. i. 601. f. 822; 
RFG. iii. t. 12. f. 4503; Koch 91. V. sylratica (Fries) Bab. 37. 
V. canina EB. t. 620; PC. i. 298; WB. i. 1 10 (not Linn.). 
[3. Jtiviniana Koch 1. c. ; II. larger and paler, spur mostly pale 
or whitish. V. Riviniana BIB. 1. c. t. 95. f. 202, 203; t. 601. 
