IV 
EXPLANATIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS. 
Cultivated and naturalized. — The Vine, Cereals, Chestnut, Oak, 
Cork-tree, Orange, Lemon, Pomegranate, Fig, Mulberry, Peach, 
Almond, Apricot, Plum, Cherry, Apple, Pear, Quince, Japan 
Medlar, Walnut, American Aloe, Fuchsias, Heliotrope, Pe- 
largoniums, Australian Acacias and Eucalypti, Stone Pine and 
Pinaster, Roses, Honeysuckle, Mesembrianthemum edule L., 
Passiflora ccerulea L., Oxalis purpurea Jacq., Solanum pseudo- 
capsicum L., Hydrangea hortensis Sm., Rhus Coriaria L., Or- 
nithogalum arabicum L., Lilium candidum L., Arum italicum L. 
and A. JDracunculus L., Richardia cethiopica L., Amaryllis 
Bella Donna L., Common Furze, Broom and Bramble, &c. 
Indig. — Dragon-tree, Myrtle, Dog-rose (R. canina L.), Madeira 
Holly (Hex Perado Ait.), Rhamnus glandulosa Ait., Myrica 
Faya Ait., Euphorbia meUifera Ait., Genista virgata Ait., 
A denocarpus parvifolius DC., Hypericum grandifolium Chois., 
H. glandulosum Ait., Tcucrium betonicum Herit., Globidaria 
salicina Lam., Phyllis Nobla L., Lavandula viridis Ait., Viola 
odorata L., Fragaria vesca L., Agrimonia Eupatorium L., 
Lobelia urens L., Cynoglossum pictum Ait., Salvia clandestine i 
L., Aristolochia longa L., Brachypodinm pinnatum Iluds., 
Melica ciliata L., Dantlionia decumbens L., Arrhenatherum 
avenaceum Beauv., Agrostis canina L., Ceteracli officinarum 
WiUd., &c. 
3. Laurel and Heath. — Mountains ; uncultivated, from 2500 
to 5500 feet. The principal plants are — 
Naturalized. — Common Broom and Mountain Ash (Pyrus Au- 
cuparia L.); the latter perhaps indig. 
Indig. — Laurels (L. indica L., fastens Ait., canariensis Willd.), 
Heaths (Erica arborea L., scoparia L.), Whortleberry ( Vac- 
cinium maderense Link), Clethra arborea Ait., Heberdenia 
excelsa Ait., Picconia excelsa Ait., Echium candicans L.fil., 
Sonchus squarrosus I)C., S. pinnatus Ait., Chrysanthemum 
pinnatijidum L. til., Cheiranthus mutabilis Herit., Senecio ma- 
derensis DC., Isoplexis sccptrum L. til., Bystropogon punctatus 
Herit., piperitus Lowe, maderensis Webb, Tmcrium abutiloides 
Herit., Mentha Pulcgium L., Origanum virens Hoffin., Phyllis 
Nobla L., Fragaria vesca L., Viola sylvestris Lam., Saxifraga 
maderensis Don, Teesdalia nudicaulis R. Br., Sibthorpia pere- 
grina L., Cedronclla triphylla Moench, &c. 
4. Highest Peaks. — Rocky crags and summits of the higher 
mountains, uncultivated, from 5500 to about 0000 feet. The 
only peculiar plants are — 
Indig. — Arenaria scrpyllifolia L., Cerastium tetrandrum Curt., 
Erica cincrca L., Viola paradoxa Lowe, Armeria maderensis 
Lowe, Avcna marginata Lowe. 
