SILYBUM. 
497 
a line broad, found in cornfields about the Piedade on P ta de 
Sao Louren 9 o (where I have also noticed it) in May 18G5 by 
S r Moniz. 
f30. Silybum Yaill. 
fl. S. Marianum (L.). Cardo de S ta Maria. Our Lady’s, 
Holy, or Milk Thistle. 
The only sp. — DC. ! vi. 616 ; Koch 458 ; WB. ii. 383 ; Coss. 
et Germ. ii. 388 ; Gren. et Godr. ii. 204 ; Bab. 190 ; RFG. xv. 
t. 151 ; Willk. et Lange FI. Hisp. ii. 201. Carduus Marianus 
Linn. Sp. 1153 ; Desf. ii. 246 ; Brot. i. 341 ; Pers. ii. 386 ; EB. 
976; Hook. FI. Sc. i. 236; Sm. E. FI. iii. 386. CaHhamua 
maculatus Lam. Enc. i. 638, 639. Carduus Marice Ger. 989. 
C. albis maculis notatus CBP. Moris, iii. 155. § 7. t. 30. f. 1. 
— Herb. ann. Mad. reg. 1, r; PS. reg. 3, rr; GD. reg. 2, cc ; 
SD. reg. 2, §. Roadsides and borders of fields or waste ground. 
Along the road from Funchal to Can^o at S. Gon^alo ; P ta de 
S. Louren^o near the Piedade ; “ P ta do Pargo at the Pico das 
Favas,” S r Moniz. PS., Pico do Concelho ; GD. and SD. at 
top. May-June. — A smooth stout robust erect sparingly 
branched pi. not above 2 or 3 ft. high with very large few 
solitary terminal heads and handsome large broad smooth 
shining conspicuously milky- veined or marbled foliage. St. 
striate slightly cottony upwards. L. 6-12 in. long, 3-4 or 5 
broad, those of the st. cordato-amplexicaul, all widely sinuato- 
pinnatifid waved and toothed, the teeth produced into fine 
short subulate stiff pungent spines. Heads light gr. globose 
or globosely ovate concave at the insertion of the ped., very 
large hard and formidably spinose 1^-2 in. in diam. exclusive 
of the excessively strong and pungent spreading or recurved 
spines, which are about an inch long, canaliculate above, and 
fringed or ciliate with short spinules at the base. Scales 
smooth coriaceous close-pressed, the outer expanded at top 
into a stiff leafy triangular or ovate appendage fringed with short 
fine spinules and produced into the long stiff gr. spines above 
described. Fits, purple. Ach. large broadly and shortly ob- 
ovate-oblong, sometimes a little gibbous, 3 lines long, half as 
broad, abruptly dark brown or black below the ring or collar 
at top and streaked or lineolated upwards longitudinally with 
pale testaceous brown or fulvous, smooth and shining but mi- 
nutely and very obsoletely rugulose transversely; the raised 
tumid entire ring or border of the epigynous disk with its very 
large central permanent conoidal obliquely incurved prominent 
mamilla cream-colour or pale ochraceous. Hairs of pappus 
shortly rough or pubescent; of recept. smooth long and copious 
chaffy-setaceous or fiat and linear. 
The poetic religious imagination of old legends, which found 
