CENTAUREA. 
507 
Spec, of this now supremely rare and local Mad. pi., col- 
lected by Masson in 1777, are marked in BH. u Centaurea 
romana P var. 39,” with u potius var. C. sonchifolia 37,” written 
above, — the latter certainly, the former probably (as Mr. Ben- 
nett thinks) in Solander’s handwriting. 
§ 3. Calcitrapa Koch ( Calcitrapece DC.). Heads ovate or 
ovate-oblong armed radiato-spinous ; apical appendage 
of scales not decurrent, pungently pinnate-spinous or pro- 
duced into a single pungent spine shortly 2-4 s pectinato- 
pinnately spinulous on each side at the base. Ach. with 
or without pappus; hilum naked not bearded. — Herb, 
ann. or bien. 
(a) L. not decurrent ; H. purple. ( Calcitrapa Cass., DC.) 
|3. C. Calcitrapa L. Car do de Christo. 
More or less furry or cobwebby-pubescent ; st. diffusely and 
repeatedly fork-branched low bushy straggling pale straw- 
colour ; 1. light gr. soft and flaccid, the lower pinnatipartite, 
middle irregularly sinuato-pinnatilobate, uppermost linear laci- 
niate or undivided, the divisions in all irregularly mucronulato- 
serrulate ; heads leafy-bracteate solitary terminal or lateral and 
subsessile in or a little above the forks of the st. quite smooth 
ovoidal strongly armed with rigid very pungent stellately 
spreading spines ; scales stiffly coriaceous dry pale nerveless, 
contracted at the base of the apical appendage, which is pro- 
duced into a single large strong spreading or recurved pale spine 
longer than the heads, channelled above downwards and with 
2-4 feeble slender short lateral spines on each side at the base ; 
florets all equal ; pappus 0. — Linn. Sp. 1297 ; Lam. Enc. i. 673 ; 
EB. t. 125; Brot. i. 371; Pers. ii. 486; Buch 194. no. 251 ; 
Sm. E. FI. iii. 468; 1)C. vi. 597; WB. ii. 361; Koch 475; 
Goss, et Germ. ii. 390; Bab. 187; Gren. et Godr. ii. 261; 
RFG. xv. t. 67. f. i. ; Willk. et Lange FI. Hisp. ii. 144. — Herb, 
ann. or bien. Mad. reg. 1, r. Roadside between Funchal and 
Cani^o in several places, especially a little beyond N. S. das 
Neves; S ,a Cruz on the beach. May, June. — A low bushy 
widely spreading horizontally much branched pi. growing usually 
in large flat masses 6-12 in. high, remarkable for its light gr. 
foliage, pale straw-colour or yellowish-w. divaricately forked 
branches, and the large fiercely pungent pale straw- or fawn- 
col. spines of the fi.-heads. Root-1, stalked, 6-8 in. long, 2-2£ 
broad ; laciniee of upper 1. long linear. FI. rather small |-1 in. 
in diam. rose-purple. Heads about 6 lines long and 4 broad, 
their spines 8-12 lines long. “ Ach. small obovate smooth 
shining pale or whitish spotted with brown.” 
